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Physical and chemical effects of low octane gasoline fuels on compression ignition combustion

Author

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  • Badra, Jihad
  • Viollet, Yoann
  • Elwardany, Ahmed
  • Im, Hong G.
  • Chang, Junseok

Abstract

Gasoline compression ignition (GCI) engines running on low octane gasoline fuels are considered an attractive alternative to traditional spark ignition engines. In this study, three fuels with different chemical and physical characteristics have been investigated in single cylinder engine running in GCI combustion mode at part-load conditions both experimentally and numerically. The studied fuels are: Saudi Aramco light naphtha (SALN) (Research octane number (RON)=62 and final boiling point (FBP)=91°C), Haltermann straight run naphtha (HSRN) (RON=60 and FBP=140°C) and a primary reference fuel (PRF65) (RON=65 and FBP=99°C). Injection sweeps, where the start of injection (SOI) is changed between −60 and −11 CAD aTDC, have been performed for the three fuels. Full cycle computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were executed using PRFs as chemical surrogates for the naphtha fuels. Physical surrogates based on the evaporation characteristics of the naphtha streams have been developed and their properties have been implemented in the engine simulations. It was found that the three fuels have similar combustion phasings and emissions at the conditions tested in this work with minor differences at SOI earlier than −30 CAD aTDC. These trends were successfully reproduced by the CFD calculations. The chemical and physical effects were further investigated numerically. It was found that the physical characteristics of the fuel significantly affect the combustion for injections earlier than −30 CAD aTDC because of the low evaporation rates of the fuel because of the higher boiling temperature of the fuel and the colder in-cylinder air during injection.

Suggested Citation

  • Badra, Jihad & Viollet, Yoann & Elwardany, Ahmed & Im, Hong G. & Chang, Junseok, 2016. "Physical and chemical effects of low octane gasoline fuels on compression ignition combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 1197-1208.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:183:y:2016:i:c:p:1197-1208
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.09.060
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Hao, Han & Liu, Feiqi & Liu, Zongwei & Zhao, Fuquan, 2016. "Compression ignition of low-octane gasoline: Life cycle energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 391-398.
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    Cited by:

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    6. Wang, Libing & Wu, Zengyang & Ahmed, Ahfaz & Badra, Jihad A. & Sarathy, S. Mani & Roberts, William L. & Fang, Tiegang, 2019. "Auto-ignition of direct injection spray of light naphtha, primary reference fuels, gasoline and gasoline surrogate," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 375-390.
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    8. Jia, Guorui & Wang, Hu & Tong, Laihui & Wang, Xiaofeng & Zheng, Zunqing & Yao, Mingfa, 2017. "Experimental and numerical studies on three gasoline surrogates applied in gasoline compression ignition (GCI) mode," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 59-70.
    9. Zhou, Lei & Hua, Jianxiong & Liu, Feng & Liu, Fengnian & Feng, Dengquan & Wei, Haiqiao, 2018. "Effect of internal exhaust gas recirculation on the combustion characteristics of gasoline compression ignition engine under low to idle conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 306-315.

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