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On the adoption of carbon dioxide thermodynamic cycles for nuclear power conversion: A case study applied to Mochovce 3 Nuclear Power Plant

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  • Santini, Lorenzo
  • Accornero, Carlo
  • Cioncolini, Andrea

Abstract

In this study, closed CO2 cycles are investigated for potential application in existing nuclear power stations, referring in particular to Mochovce power station currently under construction in Slovak Republic. Three different CO2 cycles layouts are explored in the range of temperatures offered by the nuclear source and of the existing cooling towers. The investigation shows that the common opinion that S-CO2 cycles are well suited in the medium to a high temperature range only (higher than about 450°C) seems unjustified. For a primary heat source with a maximum temperature of 299°C and a heat sink with a minimum temperature of 19°C and reasonable assumptions about advanced turbomachines and heat exchanger performances, the supercritical recompressed reheated regenerative CO2 cycle would yield a net efficiency of 34.04%, which compares well with the 33.51% net efficiency of the existing Rankine cycle. The estimated length of the complete turboset (2 turbines, 1 pump and 1 compressor) would be less than 11m (versus two wet steam turbines of 22m each for the same power), resulting in a factor of 10 reduction in the footprint of the balance of plant.

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  • Santini, Lorenzo & Accornero, Carlo & Cioncolini, Andrea, 2016. "On the adoption of carbon dioxide thermodynamic cycles for nuclear power conversion: A case study applied to Mochovce 3 Nuclear Power Plant," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 446-463.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:181:y:2016:i:c:p:446-463
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.046
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    17. Crespi, Francesco & Gavagnin, Giacomo & Sánchez, David & Martínez, Gonzalo S., 2017. "Supercritical carbon dioxide cycles for power generation: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 152-183.
    18. Xu, Jinliang & Sun, Enhui & Li, Mingjia & Liu, Huan & Zhu, Bingguo, 2018. "Key issues and solution strategies for supercritical carbon dioxide coal fired power plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 227-246.
    19. Marenco-Porto, Carlos A. & Fierro, José J. & Nieto-Londoño, César & Lopera, Leonardo & Escudero-Atehortua, Ana & Giraldo, Mauricio & Jouhara, Hussam, 2023. "Potential savings in the cement industry using waste heat recovery technologies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    20. Costante Mario Invernizzi & Gioele Di Marcoberardino, 2023. "An Overview of Real Gas Brayton Power Cycles: Working Fluids Selection and Thermodynamic Implications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-20, May.
    21. Khallaghi, Navid & Hanak, Dawid P. & Manovic, Vasilije, 2019. "Gas-fired chemical looping combustion with supercritical CO2 cycle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C), pages 237-244.

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