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Assessment of empirical and physically-based approaches to simulate surface resistance for improved evapotranspiration modeling of winter wheat in semi-arid region, Morocco

Author

Listed:
  • Bouswir, Zaineb
  • Er-Raki, Salah
  • Ezzahar, Jamal
  • Khabba, Saïd
  • Amazirh, Abdelhakim
  • Ait Ben Ahmed, Hiba
  • Jallal, Lamia
  • Chehbouni, Abdelghani

Abstract

Evapotranspiration (ET) is a fundamental component of the water and energy balance, strongly influencing crop growth and productivity. Accurate ET estimation is critical in semi-arid regions, where water scarcity requires optimized management. Among the available approaches, the Penman–Monteith (PM) model is the most widely used for this purpose, its performance strongly depends on the accurate characterization of surface resistance (rc), a key parameter controlling ET estimations. In this study, two approaches for estimating rc were evaluated for winter wheat cultivated in the Haouz plain (Morocco) under contrasting irrigation regimes (full and deficit) during the 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 growing seasons. The first is a mechanistic formulation, based on the Jarvis model, which incorporates vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and soil water content (θ) to capture stomatal responses. The second is an empirical approach, using a thermal stress index (SI) derived from land surface temperature (LST), providing a rapid indicator of crop water status.

Suggested Citation

  • Bouswir, Zaineb & Er-Raki, Salah & Ezzahar, Jamal & Khabba, Saïd & Amazirh, Abdelhakim & Ait Ben Ahmed, Hiba & Jallal, Lamia & Chehbouni, Abdelghani, 2026. "Assessment of empirical and physically-based approaches to simulate surface resistance for improved evapotranspiration modeling of winter wheat in semi-arid region, Morocco," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:323:y:2026:i:c:s0378377425007802
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2025.110066
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