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Effects of Supplemental Irrigation on Water and Nitrogen Use, Yield, and Kernel Quality of Peanut under Nitrogen-Supplied Conditions

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  • Xia, Guimin
  • Wang, Yujia
  • Hu, Jiaqi
  • Wang, Shujun
  • Zhang, Yan
  • Wu, Qi
  • Chi, Daocai

Abstract

Improving both nitrogen utilization and peanut kernel quality (after removing peanuts shell) through water management is a growing concern for farmers. To explore the role of supplemental irrigation in nitrogen transformation between ‘source’ and ‘sink’, a split-plot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of water (rain-fed irrigation as IRI; supplemental irrigation as ISI) and nitrogen (0 kg∙ha―1 as N0; 40 kg∙ha―1 as N1; 60 kg∙ha―1 as N2 and 80 kg∙ha―1 as N3) coupling on soil nitrate nitrogen content, nitrogen accumulation and kernel quality of peanuts. We determined the dry matter weight per plant at peanut maturity as 64.66—74.92 g and 71.65—92.81 g for IRIN0 and ISIN3, respectively. ISIN2 significantly increased nitrogen accumulation, yield and water productivity. Furthermore, the ISI treatment prolonged the nitrogen uptake accumulation time of leaves, thus enhancing the nitrogen transfer from the leaves to the pods. Thus, the ISI treatment significantly increased the nitrogen harvest index by 2.13% and the nitrogen agronomic efficiency by 78.57% compared to the IRI treatment. In addition, the essential amino acid content in the fruits was within the range of 5.57—6.08%, while the content of non-essential amino acids was 16.43 to 17.46%. N1 was able to significantly increase the content of non-essential and essential amino acids, while ISI reduced the content of essential amino acids. Post-harvest soil nitrate nitrogen was principally distributed in the 0—40 cm soil layer, accounting for 77.75% of the 0—60 cm soil layer. Although the supplemental irrigation is associated with an increased risk of the nitrogen moving deeper into the soil, it greatly enhances nitrogen transfer from leaves to the pods at nitrogen application rates of 40—60 kg ha―1.

Suggested Citation

  • Xia, Guimin & Wang, Yujia & Hu, Jiaqi & Wang, Shujun & Zhang, Yan & Wu, Qi & Chi, Daocai, 2021. "Effects of Supplemental Irrigation on Water and Nitrogen Use, Yield, and Kernel Quality of Peanut under Nitrogen-Supplied Conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:243:y:2021:i:c:s0378377420317820
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106518
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    1. Zhang, Junxiao & Liu, Xiaowei & Wu, Qi & Qiu, Yuanze & Chi, Daocai & Xia, Guimin & Arthur, Emmanuel, 2023. "Mulched drip irrigation and maize straw biochar increase peanut yield by regulating soil nitrogen, photosynthesis and root in arid regions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    2. Huang, Zhenyu & Zhang, Junxiao & Ren, Dongyang & Hu, Jiaqi & Xia, Guimin & Pan, Baozhu, 2022. "Modeling and assessing water and nitrogen use and crop growth of peanut in semi-arid areas of Northeast China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    3. Zhang, Junxiao & Wang, Qianqing & Xia, Guimin & Wu, Qi & Chi, Daocai, 2021. "Continuous regulated deficit irrigation enhances peanut water use efficiency and drought resistance," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    4. Hu, Yuxin & Zeeshan, Muhammad & Wang, Guiyang & Pan, Yanqiong & Liu, Yongxin & Zhou, Xunbo, 2023. "Supplementary irrigation and varying nitrogen fertilizer rate mediate grain yield, soil-maize nitrogen accumulation and metabolism," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    5. Ahmad, Irshad & Yan, Zhengang & Kamran, Muhammad & Ikram, Khushnuma & Ghani, Muhammad Usman & Hou, Fujiang, 2022. "Nitrogen management and supplemental irrigation affected greenhouse gas emissions, yield and nutritional quality of fodder maize in an arid region," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    6. Dai, Yulong & Liao, Zhenqi & Lai, Zhenlin & Bai, Zhentao & Zhang, Fucang & Li, Zhijun & Fan, Junliang, 2023. "Interactive effects of planting pattern, supplementary irrigation and planting density on grain yield, water-nitrogen use efficiency and economic benefit of winter wheat in a semi-humid but drought-pr," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 287(C).
    7. Hong, Tingting & Cai, Zelin & Li, Rui & Liu, Jiecheng & Li, Jinglai & Wang, Zheng & Zhang, Zhi, 2022. "Effects of water and nitrogen coupling on watermelon growth, photosynthesis and yield under CO2 enrichment," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).

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