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Die Heterogenität der Effizienz innerhalb von Branchen: eine Auswertung von Unternehmensdaten der Kostenstrukturerhebung im Verarbeitenden Gewerbe

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  • Michael Fritsch
  • Andreas Stephan

Abstract

This article analyzes the heterogeneity of firms within industries in regard to their level of technical efficiency. The data is taken from the cost structure census of manufacturing industries in Germany. We estimate the technical efficiency as a firm-specific fixed effect within a translog production function framework. We find great differences between technical efficiencies of firms within industries. A graphical tool is applied to display this heterogeneity. Smaller firms tend to be more efficient than larger ones, which might have various reasons. Finally, we discuss the potential of the cost structure census for empirical research and policy advice. Der Beitrag arbeitet die Heterogenität von Unternehmen innerhalb von Branchen hinsichtlich ihrer technischen Effizienz heraus. Datengrundlage sind die Mikrodaten der Kostentrukturerhebung im Verarbeitenden Gewerbe in Deutschland. Die technische Effizienz wird im Rahmen der Schätzung einer Translog-Produktionsfunktion als unternehmensspezifischer fixer Effekt ermittelt. Innerhalb von Branchen bestehen in der Regel große Unterschiede hinsichtlich der technischen Effizienz. Diese Unterschiede werden beispielhaft für einige Branchen grafisch veranschaulicht. Die durchschnittliche Effizienz der Kleinunternehmen liegt etwas höher als in der Gruppe der Großunternehmen, was auf verschiedene Ursachen zurückgeführt werden kann. Abschließend werden weitere Analysepotenziale der Kostenstrukturerhebung für Forschung und Politikberatung skizziert.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Fritsch & Andreas Stephan, 2007. "Die Heterogenität der Effizienz innerhalb von Branchen: eine Auswertung von Unternehmensdaten der Kostenstrukturerhebung im Verarbeitenden Gewerbe," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 76(3), pages 59-75.
    • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:76-3-6
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.76.3.59
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    1. Schmidt, Peter & Sickles, Robin C, 1984. "Production Frontiers and Panel Data," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 2(4), pages 367-374, October.
    2. Alvarez, Roberto & Crespi, Gustavo, 2003. "Determinants of Technical Efficiency in Small Firms," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 20(3), pages 233-244, May.
    3. Carree, Martin A., 2002. "Technological inefficiency and the skewness of the error component in stochastic frontier analysis," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 77(1), pages 101-107, September.
    4. Meeusen, Wim & van den Broeck, Julien, 1977. "Efficiency Estimation from Cobb-Douglas Production Functions with Composed Error," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 18(2), pages 435-444, June.
    5. Aigner, Dennis & Lovell, C. A. Knox & Schmidt, Peter, 1977. "Formulation and estimation of stochastic frontier production function models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 6(1), pages 21-37, July.
    6. Sickles, Robin C., 2005. "Panel estimators and the identification of firm-specific efficiency levels in parametric, semiparametric and nonparametric settings," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 126(2), pages 305-334, June.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Technische Effizienz; Heterogenität; Branchen;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D24 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity
    • L10 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - General
    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms

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