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Does Government Spending Crowd Out R&D Investment? Evidence from Government-Dependent Firms and Their Peers

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  • Ngo, Phong T. H.
  • Stanfield, Jared

Abstract

We provide evidence that managerial incentives to manipulate real activities can influence the effectiveness of fiscal policy. Increases in federal spending lead government-dependent firms to expand research and development (R&D) investment whereas industry-peer firms contract. The net result is a reduction in industry-level R&D investment. We find evidence of a novel mechanism for the crowding out of peer-firm investment: peer-firm managers respond to falling relative performance by cutting R&D to manage current earnings upward. We show that these differential responses manifest in firm value. These findings are robust to endogeneity and selection concerns as well as a battery of alternative explanations.

Suggested Citation

  • Ngo, Phong T. H. & Stanfield, Jared, 2022. "Does Government Spending Crowd Out R&D Investment? Evidence from Government-Dependent Firms and Their Peers," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 57(3), pages 888-922, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:jfinqa:v:57:y:2022:i:3:p:888-922_3
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