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Maurice Allais sobre capital y equilibrio en la década de los cuarenta del siglo XX, y sus implicancias para la teoría del equilibrio general

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  • Ariel Dvoskin

Abstract

El presente artículo discute algunas dificultades insuperables que enfrenta la teoría marginalista del valor y la distribución para establecer una correspondencia con la observación, a la luz de las contribuciones de M. Allais en la década de los cuarenta del siglo XX, particularmente en “Traité d’économie pure” (1943/1994) y Économie et intérét (1947/1998). El artículo revisa las razones que llevan a Allais desde ofrecer la primera formalización del equilibrio general intertemporal (IGE) en una economía con horizonte finito en su Traité, hasta abandonar dicha noción de equilibrio en Économie, y adoptar en su lugar la noción de equilibrio estacionario. El artículo muestra: 1. Cómo esas razones expresan una contradicción entre el tratamiento del factor capital como un vector heterogéneo de mercancías al interior del IGE, y la capacidad de este de tener el rol tradicionalmente asignado al equilibrio como un centro de gravitación; y 2. Que el concepto de equilibrio estacionario tampoco puede ser aceptado, ya que también enfrenta a la teoría con un obstáculo insuperable en el tratamiento del capital, en este caso como un factor homogéneo, concebido como una magnitud de valor. Se concluye que el problema general del tratamiento del capital al interior del enfoque marginalista es irresoluble, y obliga a buscar un enfoque alternativo. This article discusses some insurmountable difficulties faced by the marginal approach to value and distribution. It does this to establish a connection between M. Allais’ contributions in the 1940s: “Traité d’économie pure” (1943) and Économie et intérét (1947). The article examines the reasons that lead Allais to replace the notion of intertemporal equilibrium in a finite horizon economy, used in Traité, with the notion of stationary equilibrium, used in Économie. The article shows the following: i) That these reasons express a contradiction between the treatment of capital as a heterogeneous vector of capital goods within the notion of IGE, and the capacity of this equilibrium to play the role traditionally assigned to the notion of equilibrium as a center of gravitation. ii) That the stationary equilibrium cannot be accepted since it also poses an insurmountable problem to the theory relating to the treatment of capital, in this case as a single factor, which is conceived as an amount of value. The paper’s conclusion is that the general problem relative to the treatment of capital within the marginal approach cannot be solved; this means that it is necessary to find an alternative framework to study value and distribution.

Suggested Citation

  • Ariel Dvoskin, 2018. "Maurice Allais sobre capital y equilibrio en la década de los cuarenta del siglo XX, y sus implicancias para la teoría del equilibrio general," Revista Cuadernos de Economia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID, vol. 37(73), February.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000093:016018
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Benhabib, Jess & Day, Richard H., 1982. "A characterization of erratic dynamics in, the overlapping generations model," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 4(1), pages 37-55, November.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Maurice Allais; centro de gravitación; equilibrio intertemporal; equilibrio estacionario; previsión perfectas.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B21 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought since 1925 - - - Microeconomics
    • B30 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought: Individuals - - - General
    • B41 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - Economic Methodology - - - Economic Methodology
    • D50 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - General
    • D24 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity

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