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Schuldengetriebenes Wachstum - Nachfrageffekte von Ungleichheit, Vermögenspreisen und Haushaltsverschuldung

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  • Rafael Wildauer
  • Engelbert Stockhammer

Abstract

Die Entwicklung hin zur Finanzkrise von 2007 ging in der Mehrzahl der industrialisierten Länder mit drei Trends einher: Einer zunehmend ungleichen Verteilung der Einkommen, sowohl im personellen wie auch im funktionellen Sinne, einem starken Anstieg der Haushaltsverschuldung und eng damit verbunden weit über der Inflationsrate steigende Immobilienpreise. Der vorliegende Artikel geht der Frage nach wie sich diese Entwicklungen auf das Wirtschaftswachstum im Zeitraum 1980 bis 2013 ausgewirkt haben. Die Untersuchung basiert dabei auf einem Panel-Datensatz der 18 OECD Mitgliedsländer umfasst und mit dem eine Konsum-, Investitions-, Export und Importfunktion geschätzt werden. Es zeigt sich, dass qualitativ für die Gruppe der untersuchten OECD Länder ein lohngetriebenes Nachfragesystem vorliegt und somit eine fallende Lohnquote negative Auswirkungen auf die aggregierte Nachfrage hat. Eine genauere Untersuchung der Effektgrößen kommt jedoch zum Schluss, dass in der Periode 1997-2007, weder die personelle noch die funktionelle Einkommensverteilung einen relevanten direkten Effekt auf das Wachstum hatten. Im Gegensatz dazu, erklären die gestiegenen Vermögenspreise und Haushaltsverbindlichkeiten zwischen einem Drittel (Gesamtdatensatz) und der Hälfte (englischsprachige Länder und südliche Euroländer) des Einkommenswachstums im Jahrzehnt 1997-2007. In den Jahren nach der Krise 2008-2013 führte das Platzen dieser Immobilien- und Schuldenblasen zu bedeutenden negativen Wachstumseffekten. Die Unterschiede zwischen den Ländern erklären sich somit zum einen damit ob eine Immobilien und Schuldenblase vor der Krise existierte und zum anderen durch die unterschiedlich expansive Fiskalpolitik.

Suggested Citation

  • Rafael Wildauer & Engelbert Stockhammer, 2015. "Schuldengetriebenes Wachstum - Nachfrageffekte von Ungleichheit, Vermögenspreisen und Haushaltsverschuldung," Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - WuG, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik, vol. 41(4), pages 497-518.
  • Handle: RePEc:clr:wugarc:y:2015v:41i:4p:497
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    References listed on IDEAS

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