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The Impact of Trade Liberalization on Enterprises in Small Backward Economies: the Case of Chad and Gabon

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  • Giorgio Barba Navaretti
  • Riccardo Faini
  • Bernard Gauthier

Abstract

This paper examines the impact of trade and fiscal reforms and of the 1994 devaluation of the CFA franc on enterprise development in Chad and Gabon. These reforms provide a natural experiment to assess the impact of trade liberalization in countries with a small and backward manufacturing sector. The empirical analysis is based on a new panel data base covering virtually the whole population of manufacturing firms in Chad and Gabon, and containing data spanning from the year before to two years after the reforms. The paper finds that although firms’ response to changing incentives was non‐negligible, with a shift of output from nontradable to tradable and an increase in productivity, the reform process was unable to generate a virtuous and self‐sustained circle, where export expansion brings a generalized productivity increase which in turn feeds on further export growth.

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  • Giorgio Barba Navaretti & Riccardo Faini & Bernard Gauthier, 2006. "The Impact of Trade Liberalization on Enterprises in Small Backward Economies: the Case of Chad and Gabon," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 10(3), pages 452-465, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:rdevec:v:10:y:2006:i:3:p:452-465
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9361.2006.00356.x
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    JEL classification:

    • O12 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations

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