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The Equity Performance of Firms Emerging from Bankruptcy

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  • Allan C. Eberhart
  • Edward I. Altman
  • Reena Aggarwal

Abstract

This study assesses the stock return performance of 131 firms emerging from Chapter 11. Using differing estimates of expected returns, we consistently find evidence of large, positive excess returns in 200 days of returns following emergence. We also examine the reaction of our sample firms' equity returns to their earnings announcements after emergence from Chapter 11. The positive and significant reactions suggest that our results are driven by the market's expectational errors, not mismeasurement of risk. The results provide an interesting contrast, but not a contradiction, to previous work that has documented poor operating performance for firms emerging from Chapter 11.

Suggested Citation

  • Allan C. Eberhart & Edward I. Altman & Reena Aggarwal, 1999. "The Equity Performance of Firms Emerging from Bankruptcy," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 54(5), pages 1855-1868, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jfinan:v:54:y:1999:i:5:p:1855-1868
    DOI: 10.1111/0022-1082.00169
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    Cited by:

    1. Lars Schweizer & Andreas Nienhaus, 2017. "Corporate distress and turnaround: integrating the literature and directing future research," Business Research, Springer;German Academic Association for Business Research, vol. 10(1), pages 3-47, June.
    2. Abu Towhid Muhammad Shaker, 2014. "The Equity Performance of U.S. Firms Emerging from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy," International Journal of Business and Social Research, MIR Center for Socio-Economic Research, vol. 4(1), pages 19-30, January.
    3. Abu Towhid Muhammad Shaker, 2014. "The Equity Performance of U.S. Firms Emerging from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy," International Journal of Business and Social Research, LAR Center Press, vol. 4(1), pages 19-30, January.
    4. Lara Abdel Fattah & Sylvain Barthelemy & Nadine Levratto & Benjamin Trempont, 2016. "Post-reorganization survival: a semi-parametric and non-parametric analysis of firm characteristics," Working Papers hal-04141587, HAL.
    5. Li, Yuanzhi & Zhong, Zhaodong (Ken), 2013. "Investing in Chapter 11 stocks: Trading, value, and performance," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 16(1), pages 33-60.
    6. Benjamin, David, 2006. "Fast bargaining in bankruptcy," Discussion Paper Series In Economics And Econometrics 601, Economics Division, School of Social Sciences, University of Southampton.
    7. James Cox & Stephen Hayne, 2006. "Barking up the right tree: Are small groups rational agents?," Experimental Economics, Springer;Economic Science Association, vol. 9(3), pages 209-222, September.
    8. Ayadi, Rim & Abid, Ilyes & Guesmi, Khaled, 2021. "Survival of reorganized firms in France," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 38(C).
    9. Billett, Matthew T. & Esmer, Burcu & Yu, Miaomiao, 2018. "Creditor control and product-market competition," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 87-100.
    10. Surendranath Jory & Jeff Madura, 2010. "The long-run performance of firms emerging from Chapter 11 bankruptcy," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(14), pages 1145-1161.
    11. Edward I. Altman & Tushar Kant & Thongchai Rattanaruengyot, 2009. "Post‐Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Performance: Avoiding Chapter 22," Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, Morgan Stanley, vol. 21(3), pages 53-64, June.
    12. Martina Nardon, 2005. "Valuing defaultable bonds: an excursion time approach," Finance 0511015, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Lara Abdel Fattah & Sylvain Barthélémy & Nadine Levratto & Benjamin Trempont, 2016. "Post-reorganization survival: a semi-parametric and non-parametric analysis of firm characteristics," EconomiX Working Papers 2016-22, University of Paris Nanterre, EconomiX.
    14. Gong, Stephen X.H., 2007. "Bankruptcy protection and stock market behavior in the US airline industry," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 13(4), pages 213-220.
    15. Xavier Bredart, 2014. "Firms under Judicial Protection: A Profitable Investment?," Research in World Economy, Research in World Economy, Sciedu Press, vol. 5(2), pages 14-22, September.
    16. Kang, Tong Hyouk & James, Sharon D. & Fabian, Frances, 2020. "Real options and strategic bankruptcy," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 152-162.
    17. Charitou, Andreas & Lambertides, Neophytos & Trigeorgis, Lenos, 2007. "Managerial discretion in distressed firms," The British Accounting Review, Elsevier, vol. 39(4), pages 323-346.
    18. Gregor Andrade & Steven N. Kaplan, 1997. "How Costly is Financial (not Economic) Distress? Evidence from Highly Leveraged Transactions that Became Distressed," NBER Working Papers 6145, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    19. Benjamin, David, 2006. "Fast bargaining in bankruptcy," Discussion Paper Series In Economics And Econometrics 0601, Economics Division, School of Social Sciences, University of Southampton.
    20. Hsuan-Chi Chen & Sheng-Syan Chen & Chia-Wei Huang & John D. Schatzberg, 2014. "Insider Trading and Firm Performance Following Open Market Share Repurchase Announcements," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(1-2), pages 156-184, January.

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