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On the Demand Elasticity of Initial Public Offerings: An Analysis of Discriminatory Auctions

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  • Yu–Jane Liu
  • K. C. John Wei
  • Gwohorng Liaw

Abstract

We analyze 52 Taiwanese IPOs that were introduced through discriminatory auctions (you pay what you bid) between December 1995 and October 1998. The evidence suggests that the elasticity of demand for IPOs in Taiwan through discriminatory auctions is relatively flat. The elasticity is significantly negatively correlated with bidders’heterogeneity, which is consistent with the investor heterogeneity hypothesis. We also find that the average winning bidders earn a significant average abnormal return of 7.83% in the post–IPO market. The post–IPO market abnormal return is positively correlated with the demand elasticity, the idiosyncratic risk of stock returns and the institutional participation rate, and is negatively correlated with the auction clearing price, which is consistent with theory. Finally, there is evidence that informed investors have an incentive to shade their demand for IPOs to avoid the winner’scurse. The most aggressive bidders (the top 5% of the winning bidders) on average incur a small loss of 1.64% (not significant) in the market–adjusted initial returns.

Suggested Citation

  • Yu–Jane Liu & K. C. John Wei & Gwohorng Liaw, 2001. "On the Demand Elasticity of Initial Public Offerings: An Analysis of Discriminatory Auctions," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 2(3), pages 151-178, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:irvfin:v:2:y:2001:i:3:p:151-178
    DOI: 10.1111/1468-2443.00023
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    Cited by:

    1. Degeorge, François & Derrien, François & Womack, Kent L., 2010. "Auctioned IPOs: The US evidence," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 98(2), pages 177-194, November.
    2. Chen, An-Sing & Liaw, Gwohorng & Leung, Mark T., 2003. "Stock auction bidding behavior and information asymmetries: An empirical analysis using the discriminatory auction model framework," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 27(5), pages 867-889, May.
    3. Hsuan‐Chi Chen & Robert C. W. Fok & Yu‐Jen Wang, 2006. "Why do Underwriters Charge Low Underwriting Fees for Initial Public Offerings in Taiwan?," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(7‐8), pages 979-1005, September.
    4. Yong, Othman, 2007. "A review of IPO research in Asia: What's next?," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 15(3), pages 253-275, June.
    5. Han, Jianlei & Pan, Zheyao & Zhang, Guangli, 2017. "Divergence of opinion and long-run performance of private placements: evidence from the auction market," Working Papers 2017-09, University of Tasmania, Tasmanian School of Business and Economics.
    6. Orly Sade & Roy Stein & Zvi Wiener, 2018. "Israeli Treasury Auction Reform," Israel Economic Review, Bank of Israel, vol. 16(1), pages 41-61.
    7. Rocholl, Jrg, 2009. "A friend in need is a friend indeed: Allocation and demand in IPO bookbuilding," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 18(2), pages 284-310, April.
    8. Ravi Jagannathan & Ann E. Sherman, 2006. "Why Do IPO Auctions Fail?," NBER Working Papers 12151, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    9. Sherman, Ann E., 2005. "Global trends in IPO methods: Book building versus auctions with endogenous entry," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 78(3), pages 615-649, December.
    10. Jagannathan, Ravi & Jirnyi, Andrei & Sherman, Ann Guenther, 2015. "Share auctions of initial public offerings: Global evidence," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 24(3), pages 283-311.
    11. Hsuan-Chi Chen & Sheng-Ching Wu, 2015. "Who Makes the Choice on IPO Underwriting Methods? Issuers Versus Underwriters," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 44(4), pages 753-783, October.
    12. Pettway, Richard H. & Thosar, Satish & Walker, Scott, 2008. "Auctions versus book-built IPOs in Japan: A comparison of aftermarket volatility," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 16(3), pages 224-235, June.

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