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Tracking Construction Material over Space and Time: Prospective and Geo‐referenced Modeling of Building Stocks and Construction Material Flows

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  • Niko Heeren
  • Stefanie Hellweg

Abstract

Construction material plays an increasingly important role in the environmental impacts of buildings. In order to investigate impacts of materials on a building level, we present a bottom‐up building stock model that uses three‐dimensional and geo‐referenced building data to determine volumetric information of material stocks in Swiss residential buildings. We used a probabilistic modeling approach to calculate future material flows for the individual buildings. We investigated six scenarios with different assumptions concerning per‐capita floor area, building stock turnover, and construction material. The Swiss building stock will undergo important structural changes by 2035. While this will lead to a reduced number in new constructions, material flows will increase. Total material inflow decreases by almost half while outflows double. In 2055, the total amount of material in‐ and outflows are almost equal, which represents an important opportunity to close construction material cycles. Total environmental impacts due to production and disposal of construction material remain relatively stable over time. The cumulated impact is slightly reduced for the wood‐based scenario. The scenario with more insulation material leads to slightly higher material‐related emissions. An increase in per‐capita floor area or material turnover will lead to a considerable increase in impacts. The new modeling approach overcomes the limitations of previous bottom‐up building models and allows for investigating building material flows and stocks in space and time. This supports the development of tailored strategies to reduce the material footprint and environmental impacts of buildings and settlements.

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  • Niko Heeren & Stefanie Hellweg, 2019. "Tracking Construction Material over Space and Time: Prospective and Geo‐referenced Modeling of Building Stocks and Construction Material Flows," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 23(1), pages 253-267, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:inecol:v:23:y:2019:i:1:p:253-267
    DOI: 10.1111/jiec.12739
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    8. Yang, Xining & Hu, Mingming & Tukker, Arnold & Zhang, Chunbo & Huo, Tengfei & Steubing, Bernhard, 2022. "A bottom-up dynamic building stock model for residential energy transition: A case study for the Netherlands," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 306(PA).
    9. Claudio Zandonella Callegher & Gianluca Grazieschi & Eric Wilczynski & Ulrich Filippi Oberegger & Simon Pezzutto, 2023. "Assessment of Building Materials in the European Residential Building Stock: An Analysis at EU27 Level," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-19, May.
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    12. Jim Hart & Francesco Pomponi, 2020. "More Timber in Construction: Unanswered Questions and Future Challenges," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-17, April.
    13. Yupeng Liu & Jiajia Li & Wei‐Qiang Chen & Lulu Song & Shaoqing Dai, 2022. "Quantifying urban mass gain and loss by a GIS‐based material stocks and flows analysis," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 26(3), pages 1051-1060, June.
    14. Ruichang Mao & Yi Bao & Huabo Duan & Gang Liu, 2021. "Global urban subway development, construction material stocks, and embodied carbon emissions," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 8(1), pages 1-11, December.
    15. Lachlan Curmi & Kumudu Kaushalya Weththasinghe & Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq, 2022. "Global Policy Review on Embodied Flows: Recommendations for Australian Construction Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-19, November.
    16. Jing Guo & Tomer Fishman & Yao Wang & Alessio Miatto & Wendy Wuyts & Licheng Zheng & Heming Wang & Hiroki Tanikawa, 2021. "Urban development and sustainability challenges chronicled by a century of construction material flows and stocks in Tiexi, China," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 25(1), pages 162-175, February.
    17. Stefan Pauliuk & Tomer Fishman & Niko Heeren & Peter Berrill & Qingshi Tu & Paul Wolfram & Edgar G. Hertwich, 2021. "Linking service provision to material cycles: A new framework for studying the resource efficiency–climate change (RECC) nexus," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 25(2), pages 260-273, April.
    18. Leonora Charlotte Malabi Eberhardt & Anne van Stijn & Liv Kristensen Stranddorf & Morten Birkved & Harpa Birgisdottir, 2021. "Environmental Design Guidelines for Circular Building Components: The Case of the Circular Building Structure," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-27, May.
    19. Röck, Martin & Baldereschi, Elena & Verellen, Evelien & Passer, Alexander & Sala, Serenella & Allacker, Karen, 2021. "Environmental modelling of building stocks – An integrated review of life cycle-based assessment models to support EU policy making," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    20. Weththasinghe, K.K. & Stephan, A. & Francis, V. & Tiwari, P., 2022. "Improving material selection in shopping centres through a parametric life cycle embodied flow and material cost analysis model," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    21. Sarah Pamenter & Rupert J. Myers, 2021. "Decarbonizing the cementitious materials cycle: A whole‐systems review of measures to decarbonize the cement supply chain in the UK and European contexts," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 25(2), pages 359-376, April.

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