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Out of pocket health expenditures in Turkey following introduction of co‐payments along with improved primary care services

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  • Burcay Erus

Abstract

In 2002, Turkey started to implement reforms in health care aiming to improve access and increase efficiency. Reforms increased health insurance coverage and resulted in higher number of outpatient and inpatient treatments at both public and private hospitals. Later, to change preference towards the use of secondary and tertiary care over primary care and rein in increasing health expenditures, a series of co‐payments were instituted along with an extension of primary care services through a family‐medicine system that provided free access to all. This work aims to measure the impact of these two simultaneous policy measures on out‐of‐pocket expenditures. We find that while contributory payments resulted in higher OOP health expenditures, especially for lower income households, the impact was small. We also observe that inability to consult a physician and to visit a hospital, especially for monetary reasons, was reduced after the policy change.

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  • Burcay Erus, 2020. "Out of pocket health expenditures in Turkey following introduction of co‐payments along with improved primary care services," International Journal of Health Planning and Management, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 35(2), pages 433-440, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:ijhplm:v:35:y:2020:i:2:p:433-440
    DOI: 10.1002/hpm.2915
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    1. Erus, Burcay & Hatipoglu, Ozan, 2017. "Physician payment schemes and physician productivity: Analysis of Turkish healthcare reforms," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 121(5), pages 553-557.
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    3. Daniel Cotlear & Somil Nagpal & Owen Smith & Ajay Tandon & Rafael Cortez, 2015. "Going Universal," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 22011.
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    5. Zweifel, Peter & Manning, Willard G., 2000. "Moral hazard and consumer incentives in health care," Handbook of Health Economics, in: A. J. Culyer & J. P. Newhouse (ed.), Handbook of Health Economics, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 8, pages 409-459, Elsevier.
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