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The Struggle of Farming Systems in Europe: Looking for Explanations through the Lens of Resilience

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  • Miranda P.M. Meuwissen
  • Peter H. Feindt
  • Peter Midmore
  • Erwin Wauters
  • Robert Finger
  • Franziska Appel
  • Alisa Spiegel
  • Erik Mathijs
  • Katrien J.A.M. Termeer
  • Alfons Balmann
  • Yann de Mey
  • Pytrik Reidsma

Abstract

Many farming systems in Europe are struggling to respond to accumulating economic, environmental, institutional and social challenges. From a resilience perspective, they need three distinct capacities to continue delivering products, income and public goods: robustness, adaptability and transformability. Based on a structured assessment of the resilience capacities of 11 farming systems across Europe we conclude that three mismatches likely contribute to their struggles. First, while farming systems comprised many non‐farm actors, resilience strategies largely focused on farms and their robustness, neglecting other options and opportunities. Second, while the delivery of public goods such as biodiversity and attractive landscapes was seen as a major concern, most resilience strategies focused on the delivery of private goods. Third, while in many farming systems actors expressed the need for transformation, farming systems’ capacity to transform was perceived as low. Building on the differentiated concept of resilience, findings can guide policymakers, farming system actors, consumers and societal interest groups to identify pathways towards more resilient agricultural systems in Europe. De nombreux systèmes agricoles en Europe peinent à répondre aux défis économiques, environnementaux, institutionnels et sociaux qui s'accumulent. Du point de vue de la résilience, ils ont besoin de trois capacités distinctes pour continuer à fournir des produits, des revenus et des biens d'intérêt public : la robustesse, l'adaptabilité et la transformabilité. Sur la base d'une évaluation structurée des capacités de résilience de 11 systèmes agricoles à travers l'Europe, nous concluons que trois déséquilibres contribuent probablement à leurs difficultés. Premièrement, alors que les systèmes agricoles comprennent de nombreux acteurs non agricoles, les stratégies de résilience ont été largement concentrées sur les exploitations agricoles et leur robustesse, négligeant les autres options et opportunités. Deuxièmement, alors que la fourniture de biens d'intérêt public, tels que la biodiversité et les paysages attrayants, est considérée comme une préoccupation majeure, la plupart des stratégies de résilience se sont axées sur la fourniture de biens privés. Troisièmement, alors que dans de nombreux systèmes agricoles, les acteurs ont exprimé le besoin de transformation, la capacité de transformation des systèmes agricoles a été perçue comme faible. En s'appuyant sur le concept différencié de résilience, les observations de cette évaluation peuvent guider les décideurs de l'action publique, les acteurs du système agricole, les consommateurs et les groupes d'intérêt sociétal pour identifier les voies vers des systèmes agricoles plus résilients en Europe. Viele Agrarsysteme in Europa haben Mühe, auf die sich häufenden wirtschaftlichen, ökologischen, institutionellen und sozialen Herausforderungen zu reagieren. Aus Sicht der Resilienz benötigen sie drei verschiedene Fähigkeiten, um weiterhin Produkte, Einkommen und öffentliche Güter zu erzeugen: Stabilität, Anpassungsfähigkeit und Wandlungsfähigkeit. Auf Grundlage einer strukturierten Bewertung der Resilienz von 11 landwirtschaftlichen Systemen in ganz Europa kommen wir zu dem Schluss, dass drei Missverhältnisse wahrscheinlich zu ihren Schwierigkeiten beitragen. Erstens: Obwohl die landwirtschaftlichen Systeme aus zahlreichen nichtlandwirtschaftlichen Beteiligten bestanden, haben sich die Resilienzstrategien weitgehend auf die landwirtschaftlichen Betriebe und deren Stabilität fokussiert. Andere Optionen und Möglichkeiten wurden dagegen vernachlässigt. Zweitens: Während die Bereitstellung öffentlicher Güter wie Biodiversität und attraktive Landschaften als Hauptanliegen angesehen wurde, konzentrierten sich die meisten Resilienztrategien auf die Bereitstellung privater Güter. Drittens wurde die Transformationsfähigkeit landwirtschaftlicher Systeme als gering eingeschätzt, während Beteiligte in vielen landwirtschaftlichen Systemen eine Umgestaltung als notwendig erachtet haben. Ausgehend von dem differenzierten Konzept der Resilienz können die Ergebnisse den Personen mit politischer Entscheidungsbefugnis, den Beteiligten in den landwirtschaftlichen Systemen, den Verbraucherinnen und Verbrauchern und den gesellschaftlichen Interessengruppen helfen, Wege zu resistenteren landwirtschaftlichen Systemen in Europa zu finden.

Suggested Citation

  • Miranda P.M. Meuwissen & Peter H. Feindt & Peter Midmore & Erwin Wauters & Robert Finger & Franziska Appel & Alisa Spiegel & Erik Mathijs & Katrien J.A.M. Termeer & Alfons Balmann & Yann de Mey & Pytr, 2020. "The Struggle of Farming Systems in Europe: Looking for Explanations through the Lens of Resilience," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 19(2), pages 4-11, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:19:y:2020:i:2:p:4-11
    DOI: 10.1111/1746-692X.12278
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    1. Ika Darnhofer, 2014. "Resilience and why it matters for farm management," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 41(3), pages 461-484.
    2. Meuwissen, Miranda P.M. & Feindt, Peter H. & Spiegel, Alisa & Termeer, Catrien J.A.M. & Mathijs, Erik & de Mey, Yann & Finger, Robert & Balmann, Alfons & Wauters, Erwin & Urquhart, Julie & Vigani, Mau, 2019. "A framework to assess the resilience of farming systems," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 176, pages 1-10.
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    1. Shingo Yoshida & Hironori Yagi, 2021. "Long-Term Development of Urban Agriculture: Resilience and Sustainability of Farmers Facing the Covid-19 Pandemic in Japan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-23, April.
    2. Meuwissen, Miranda & Feindt, Peter & Slijper, Thomas & Spiegel, Alisa & Finger, Robert & de Mey, Yann & Paas, Wim & Termeer, Katrien & Poortvliet, P. Marijn & Peneva, Mariya & Urquhart, Julie & Vigani, 2021. "Impact of Covid-19 on farming systems in Europe through the lens of resilience thinking," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 191.
    3. Krisztina Melinda DOBAY, 2022. "The Resilience Of Agricultural Cooperatives In The Covid-19 Pandemic Time. Evidence From Romania," Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Institute of Agricultural Economics, vol. 19(1), pages 13-30.
    4. Reidsma, Pytrik & Accatino, Francesco & Appel, Franziska & Gavrilescu, Camelia & Krupin, Vitaliy & Manevska Tasevska, Gordana & Meuwissen, Miranda P.M. & Peneva, Mariya & Severini, Simone & Soriano, B, 2023. "Alternative systems and strategies to improve future sustainability and resilience of farming systems across Europe: From adaptation to transformation," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 134, pages 1-1.
    5. Spiegel, Alisa & Slijper, Thomas & de Mey, Yann & Meuwissen, Miranda P.M. & Poortvliet, P. Marijn & Rommel, Jens & Hansson, Helena & Vigani, Mauro & Soriano, Bárbara & Wauters, Erwin & Appel, Franzisk, 2021. "Resilience capacities as perceived by European farmers," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    6. Grigorescu, Ines & Popovici, Elena-Ana & Damian, Nicoleta & Dumitraşcu, Monica & Sima, Mihaela & Mitrică, Bianca & Mocanu, Irena, 2022. "The resilience of sub-urban small farming in Bucharest Metropolitan Area in response to the COVID-19 pandemic," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    7. Yury B. Melnikov & Egor Skvortsov & Natalia Ziablitckaia & Alexander Kurdyumov, 2022. "Modeling of Territorial and Managerial Aspects of Robotization of Agriculture in Russia," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(14), pages 1-17, July.
    8. Thomas Slijper & Yann de Mey & P Marijn Poortvliet & Miranda P M Meuwissen, 2022. "Quantifying the resilience of European farms using FADN," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 49(1), pages 121-150.

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