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Covid-19 and value chains
[Covid-19 et chaînes de valeur]

Author

Listed:
  • Bergeaud Antonin
  • Berthou Antoine
  • Collès Bertrand
  • Gaulier Guillaume
  • Lisask Noémie
  • Ouvrard Jean-François

Abstract

The lockdown measures put in place to contain the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic not only have a direct impact on the economies of the countries concerned, but also spillover to the rest of the world via value chains and external demand. A short-term analysis suggests that these international spillovers have a significant impact on France, albeit less strong than the internal shock caused by the lockdown. France is more exposed to lockdown shocks from the rest of the European Union and relatively less exposed to shocks from China. The most adverse situation for France would be that it suffer a supply shock (a fall in productivity caused by the health measures, or second wave) while the rest of the world emerges from the crisis, leading to a decline in France’s competitiveness. Les mesures de confinement mises en place pour lutter contre la pandémie de Covid-19 ont non seulement un impact direct sur l’économie des pays concernés, mais elles ont aussi des répercussions internationales via les chaînes de valeur et la demande extérieure. Une analyse de court terme suggère que ces répercussions internationales ont un effet significatif sur la France, bien que de second ordre par rapport au choc interne provoqué par le confinement. La France est plus exposée aux chocs de confinement provenant du reste de l’Union européenne et relativement moins exposée aux chocs provenant de Chine. La situation la plus défavorable pour la France serait qu’elle subisse un choc d’offre (baisse de la productivité liée aux mesures sanitaires, ou deuxième vague) tandis que le reste du monde serait sorti de la crise, ce qui entraînerait un recul de la compétitivité.

Suggested Citation

  • Bergeaud Antonin & Berthou Antoine & Collès Bertrand & Gaulier Guillaume & Lisask Noémie & Ouvrard Jean-François, 2020. "Covid-19 and value chains [Covid-19 et chaînes de valeur]," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 230.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2020:230:02
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Marcel P. Timmer & Erik Dietzenbacher & Bart Los & Robert Stehrer & Gaaitzen J. Vries, 2015. "An Illustrated User Guide to the World Input–Output Database: the Case of Global Automotive Production," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(3), pages 575-605, August.
    2. Bonadio, Barthélémy & Huo, Zhen & Levchenko, Andrei A. & Pandalai-Nayar, Nitya, 2021. "Global supply chains in the pandemic," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    3. Elie Gerschel & Alejandra Martinez & Isabelle Mejean, 2020. "Propagation des chocs dans les chaînes de valeur internationales : le cas du coronavirus," Institut des Politiques Publiques halshs-02515354, HAL.
    4. David Baqaee & Emmanuel Farhi, 2022. "Supply and Demand in Disaggregated Keynesian Economies with an Application to the COVID-19 Crisis," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 112(5), pages 1397-1436, May.
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D57 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Input-Output Tables and Analysis
    • F11 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Neoclassical Models of Trade

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