Special economic zones as a catalyst for global digital transformation

The article concerns with the global trends of high geographical concentration and uneven cross-sectoral growth of digital investment flows. The research considers the methodological features of the processes of technological development assessing and forecasting. They form the basis for policy-making in digitalisation. The differentiation concerns with time horizon, target orientation, areas of scientific knowledge, methods, data and technological forecasting models, results, etc. The article reveals different digitalisation policy components. According to the research, investment incentive component includes mechanisms of national economies digital openness, facilitation of the inflow, and promotion of digital foreign direct investment. Indeed, investment impact enhancement component deals with the measures to develop digital content regulation, relevant tax instruments, environmental issues, digital competencies, and linkages. According to the research, there are two keys approaches to develop digital strategies. Indeed, geographically oriented approach involves the development of macro-regional, sub-regional, and national strategies; sector-oriented approach involves the development of technological and industry-specific strategies. The analysis highlights the investment context for the implementation of digital strategies in key macro-regions and sectors of the digital economy. Moreover, the research considers special economic zones in terms of foreign direct investment in the areas of data processing and e-commerce. Based on expert data, the article highlights best practices for regulating and supporting digital foreign direct investment within special economic zones globally and in various macro-regions. As a result, the research formulates the principles to strength the investment potential of digital strategies, taking into account the growing role of special economic zones.