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Urbanization as a Driver of Demographic Transition: Insights from Europe and South Asia

Author

Listed:
  • Ali Ashar Anjum

    (Sapienza University of Rome, Italy)

Abstract

This work examines the relationship between urbanization, urban-density and fertility across both levels of urbanization and among urban agglomerations, drawing comparisons between dense urban centers in France, Spain, and Italy and those in India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan. First, the research shows how this aspect of human management interacts with fertility (correlation); and second, it goes one step further to quantify this relationship through linear regression analysis. Then, a city-wise comparison on the scale of urbanization ratios to the density of individuals across nations obtains deeper insights. This study is based on existing secondary data collected from reliable sources, including the United Nations, World Bank, Our World in Data. The study identifies urbanization as a key driver of demographic transition, providing policy-relevant knowledge for sustainable urban planning.

Suggested Citation

  • Ali Ashar Anjum, 2025. "Urbanization as a Driver of Demographic Transition: Insights from Europe and South Asia," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 9(3), pages 5051-5060, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bcp:journl:v:9:y:2025:issue-3:p:5051-5060
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nicoletta Balbo & Francesco C. Billari & Melinda Mills, 2013. "Fertility in Advanced Societies: A Review of Research," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 29(1), pages 1-38, February.
    2. Oded Galor, 2011. "Unified Growth Theory and Comparative Development," Rivista di Politica Economica, SIPI Spa, issue 2, pages 9-21, April-Jun.
    3. Oded Galor, 2011. "Unified Growth Theory," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 1, number 9477, December.
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