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Elektroniczny Obrót Dowodami Składowymi na Swiatowych Giełdach Rolnych. Wnioski Dla Polski

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  • Wojtowicz, Jarosław

Abstract

Celem badań była ocena wykorzystania elektronicznego dowodu składowego (EWR), jako instrumentu wspierania obrotu surowcami rolnymi na światowych rynkach rolnych oraz analiza możliwości i potencjału wprowadzenia tego systemu w Polsce. Podjęto także próbę zainicjowania dyskusji na temat przywrócenia systemu licencjonowanego magazynowania i EWR. Za materiał źródłowy posłużyły dane statystyczne publikowane przez Futures Industry Association i dane uzyskane z giełd towarowych oraz dostępna literatura przedmiotu. Z analiz wynika, że prawidłowo wdrożony system EWR stanowi sprawdzone w praktyce rozwiązanie problemów występujących w gospodarce żywnościowej, tj.: finansowania bieżących kosztów operacyjnych prowadzenia gospodarstwa rolnego i płynności gospodarstw oraz finansowania obrotu pomiędzy uczestnikami łańcucha dostaw. Aby system EWR odniósł sukces, konieczne jest zrozumienie łańcucha wartości, rynku i środowiska biznesowego, a także konieczna jest ocena ryzyka, konkurencyjności, relacji i procesów oraz potrzeb finansowania łańcucha przez uczestników. Dzięki takiemu podejściu dowód składowy, podążając za towarem, może stanowić zabezpieczenie kredytu dla wszystkich uczestników łańcucha wartości. Dematerializacja dowodu składowego umożliwia przejęcie obrotu tym dokumentem przez licencjonowaną giełdę, a tym samym umożliwia nie tylko obrót instrumentem terminowym, jak np. na giełdach CBOT i MATIF, ale i instrumentem kasowym z dostawą rzeczywistą, jak to jest na giełdach TMEX i e-NAM. W Polsce zlikwidowano system obrotu dowodem składowym, natomiast problemy, które rozwiązywał pozostały. Dlatego, uwzględniając zalety systemu, należy go przywrócić, aby sektor rolny dostał skuteczne i sprawdzone w praktyce rozwiązania.

Suggested Citation

  • Wojtowicz, Jarosław, 2024. "Elektroniczny Obrót Dowodami Składowymi na Swiatowych Giełdach Rolnych. Wnioski Dla Polski," Roczniki (Annals), Polish Association of Agricultural Economists and Agribusiness - Stowarzyszenie Ekonomistow Rolnictwa e Agrobiznesu (SERiA), vol. 2024(4).
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:paaero:348679
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.348679
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