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The Educational Consequences of Remote and Hybrid Instruction during the Pandemic

Author

Listed:
  • Dan Goldhaber
  • Thomas J. Kane
  • Andrew McEachin
  • Emily Morton
  • Tyler Patterson
  • Douglas O. Staiger

Abstract

Using testing data from over two million students in nearly 10,000 schools in 49 states (plus the District of Columbia), we investigate the role of remote and hybrid instruction in widening gaps in achievement by race and school poverty. We find that remote instruction was a primary driver of the widening gaps. Math gaps did not widen in areas that remained in person (although reading gaps did). We estimate that high-poverty districts that went remote in 2020–2021 will need to spend nearly all of their federal aid on helping students recover from pandemic-related academic achievement losses.

Suggested Citation

  • Dan Goldhaber & Thomas J. Kane & Andrew McEachin & Emily Morton & Tyler Patterson & Douglas O. Staiger, 2023. "The Educational Consequences of Remote and Hybrid Instruction during the Pandemic," American Economic Review: Insights, American Economic Association, vol. 5(3), pages 377-392, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:aea:aerins:v:5:y:2023:i:3:p:377-92
    DOI: 10.1257/aeri.20220180
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • H75 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - State and Local Government: Health, Education, and Welfare
    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality
    • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination

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