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Theoretische Grundlagen demokratischer Wirtschafts- und Gesellschaftspolitik - Der Beitrag von Thomas Schelling

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  • Pies, Ingo

Abstract

Der Ökonom Thomas Schelling, Nobelpreisträger des Jahres 2005, hat ein beeindruckendes Gesamtwerk verfasst. Die von ihm behandelten Themen sind im weiteren Sinne institutionenökonomischer Natur. Sie reichen von militärstrategischen Fragen über Phänomene gelingenden oder misslingenden Selbst-Managements sowie über moralisch heikle Politikherausforderungen, vor allem im Gesundheitswesen, bis hin zum globalen Energie- und Klimaproblem. Die hier vorgestellte Lesart für Schellings Gesamtwerk rekonstruiert ihn als einen Pionier sowohl der positiven als auch der normativen Analyse: In positiver Hinsicht sind seiner strategischen Ökonomik zahlreiche Erkenntnisse zu verdanken. Drei sind besonders hervorzuheben: seine radikale Kritik am Nullsummendenken, seine Rekonstruktion der Bedeutung von Fokalpunkten für Basisspiele und seine Rekonstruktion ihrer Beeinflussbarkeit durch Metaspiele, sowie schließlich die von ihm maßgeblich propagierte Einsicht in die Produktivität von Bindungen. In normativer Hinsicht praktiziert Schelling eine ganz bestimmte Methode konstruktiv(istisch)er Konsenssuche. Hierbei verwendet er die ökonomische Argumentationsfigur des Trade-Offs auf zweierlei Weise. Zum einen generiert er Konsistenzargumente, indem er die Opportunitätskosten innerhalb von Trade-Offs und ihre Implikationen für normative Auseinandersetzungen herausarbeitet. Zum anderen generiert er Überbietungsargumente, indem er aufzeigt, wie sich Trade- Offs so transzendieren lassen, dass ein Win-Win-Potential realisiert werden kann. Insbesondere mit dieser zweiten Variante leistet Schelling einen – zudem methodisch reflektierten – Beitrag, um konsensualen Konfliktlösungen vorzuarbeiten. Fazit: Mit seinen positiven Forschungsarbeiten hat Schelling den sozialwissenschaftlichen Gehalt der Ökonomik, mit seinen normativen Forschungsarbeiten hat er ihren sozialphilosophischen Gehalt maßgeblich gesteigert.

Suggested Citation

  • Pies, Ingo, 2007. "Theoretische Grundlagen demokratischer Wirtschafts- und Gesellschaftspolitik - Der Beitrag von Thomas Schelling," Discussion Papers 2007-2, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Chair of Economic Ethics.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:mlucee:20072
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Schelling, Thomas C, 1992. "Some Economics of Global Warming," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 82(1), pages 1-14, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Pies, Ingo & Hielscher, Stefan, 2008. "The role of corporate citizens in fighting poverty: An ordonomic approach to global justice," Discussion Papers 2008-10, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Chair of Economic Ethics.
    2. Pies, Ingo & Beckmann, Markus & Hielscher, Stefan, 2007. "Mind the Gap! - Ordonomische Überlegungen zur Sozialstruktur und Semantik moderner Governance," Discussion Papers 2007-16, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Chair of Economic Ethics.
    3. Pies, Ingo, 2011. "Regelkonsens statt Wertekonsens: Die Grundidee des politischen Liberalismus," Discussion Papers 2011-20, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Chair of Economic Ethics.

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