Inés Terra () (Departamento de Economía, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la República) Marisa Bucheli () (Departamento de Economía, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la República) Carmen Estrades () (Departamento de Economía, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la República)
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In this paper we analyze the gender differentiated impacts of trade openness in Uruguay using a gender aware CGE model with endogenous labor supply and a home production function. We simulate complete trade liberalization and an increase in tariffs to the level of 1994. Trade liberalization increases female employment and wages, reducing the gender wage gap. These findings are consistent with Çagatay (2001) and Fofana et al (2003). The effect of trade openness on time distribution of workers is different by skills. Skilled workers, mainly women, reduce time spent in leisure and domestic work increasing labor supply. In contrast, unskilled workers increase leisure time, especially men. Trade openness leads to a more equitable distribution of time spent in domestic work. When there is a more imperfect substitution among genders in the home production function, women reduce more leisure time. The increase in tariff to the level of 1994 has the opposite results.
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