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Rounding of Arrival and Departure Times in Travel Surveys: An Interpretation in Terms of Scheduled Activities

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  • Piet Rietveld

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)

Abstract

In travel surveys most respondents apply rounding of departure andarrival times to multiples of 5, 15 and 30minutes: in the annual Dutch travel survey about 85-95 percent of allreported times are 'round' ones. We estimaterounding models for departure and arrival times. The model allows oneto compute the probability that a reportedarrival time m (say m=9: 15 am) means that the actual arrival timeequals n (say m=9:21 am). Departure timesappear to be rounded much more frequently than arrival times. Aninterpretation for this result is offered bydistinguishing between scheduled and non-scheduled activities, and byaddressing the role of transitory activities.We argue that explicitly addressing rounding of arrival and departuretimes will have at least three positive effects.1. It leads to a considerably better treatment of variances ofreported travel times. 2. It enables one to avoid biasesin the computation of average transport times based on travelsurveys. 3. It overcomes the problem that the use oftravel survey data for the minute-per-minute records of thedevelopment of the number of persons in trafficdisplays erratic patterns.

Suggested Citation

  • Piet Rietveld, 2001. "Rounding of Arrival and Departure Times in Travel Surveys: An Interpretation in Terms of Scheduled Activities," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 01-110/3, Tinbergen Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:tin:wpaper:20010110
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bert Zwart & Piet Rietveld & Toon van den Hoorn & Bert van Wee, 1999. "On the relationship between travel time and travel distance of commuters Reported versus network travel data in the Netherlands," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 33(3), pages 269-287.
    2. Paul W. Wilson, 1989. "Scheduling Costs and the Value of Travel Time," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 26(3), pages 356-366, June.
    3. Small, Kenneth A, 1982. "The Scheduling of Consumer Activities: Work Trips," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 72(3), pages 467-479, June.
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    1. Pareschi, Giacomo & Küng, Lukas & Georges, Gil & Boulouchos, Konstantinos, 2020. "Are travel surveys a good basis for EV models? Validation of simulated charging profiles against empirical data," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    2. Ties Brands & Malvika Dixit & Edgard Zúñiga & Niels Oort, 2022. "Perceived and actual travel times in a multi-modal urban public transport network: comparing survey and AVL data," Public Transport, Springer, vol. 14(1), pages 85-103, March.
    3. H. Schneeweiss & J. Komlos & A. Ahmad, 2010. "Symmetric and asymmetric rounding: a review and some new results," AStA Advances in Statistical Analysis, Springer;German Statistical Society, vol. 94(3), pages 247-271, September.
    4. Peter Stopher & Camden FitzGerald & Min Xu, 2007. "Assessing the accuracy of the Sydney Household Travel Survey with GPS," Transportation, Springer, vol. 34(6), pages 723-741, November.
    5. Paul Kelly & Patricia Krenn & Sylvia Titze & Peter Stopher & Charlie Foster, 2013. "Quantifying the Difference Between Self-Reported and Global Positioning Systems-Measured Journey Durations: A Systematic Review," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(4), pages 443-459, July.

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