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De la discrimination statistique à la discrimination positive: Remarques sur l’inférence probabiliste

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  • Maxime Parodi

    (Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques)

Abstract

La discrimination statistique consiste à rejeter un individu en raison de défauts qu'on lui prête parce que les membres de son groupe d'appartenance sont supposés - à tort ou à raison - avoir souvent ces défauts. Contrairement à la discrimination négative, il ne s'agit donc pas de rejeter l'individu parce qu'il est ce qu'il est, il s'agit de le rejeter parce qu'il ne satisfait probablement pas aux critères exigés. Pour autant, peut-on en déduire que la discrimination statistique est rationnelle ? Il importe de rappeler que le raisonnement mis en œuvre est incomplet et qu'il faut encore prendre position sur des risques. La rationalité de cette forme de discrimination ne peut ainsi être tranchée par avance. En outre, pour ne pas être confondue avec une simple discrimination négative vaguement rationalisée, il faut encore justifier une telle pratique. Il apparaît alors que l'incertitude qui servait à justifier le rejet peut à l'inverse justifier le pari raisonnable inverse, c'est-à-dire justifier une forme de discrimination positive.

Suggested Citation

  • Maxime Parodi, 2010. "De la discrimination statistique à la discrimination positive: Remarques sur l’inférence probabiliste," Sciences Po publications info:hdl:2441/eu4vqp9ompq, Sciences Po.
    • Handle: RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/eu4vqp9ompqllr09hacck4sr8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Discrimination statistique; Rationalité;

    JEL classification:

    • J7 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination

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