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Wage Inequality and Job Insecurity among Permanent and Contract Workers in India: Evidence from Organized Manufacturing Industries

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Author Info
Amit K. Bhandari () (University of Kalyani)
Almas Heshmati () (TEPP, Seoul National University, Ratio Institute and IZA Bonn)

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Abstract

Since the early 1990s, the employment structure of organised manufacturing industries in India has undergone substantial changes with the steep rise in the use of contract workers in place of permanent workers. This process has led to increased wage inequality, discrimination as well as the concern of job insecurity in the labour market. We focus on the wage inequality between permanent and contract workers, since contract workers earn substantially lower wages than their counterpart. The study uses data at the individual level from a recent labour survey of organised manufacturing industries in India. The lower wage earned by contract worker is largely due to cost cutting, rather than differences in labour productivity. The issue of job insecurity has been modeled in form of a binary logistic model. The factors affecting job security are divided as productivity related attributes like level of education, skill etc. and institutional attributes such as labour market rules and regulations, union membership etc. Contrary to the general expectation the study finds that permanent workers are more concern of job insecurity than contract workers.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in its series IZA Discussion Papers with number 2097.

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Length: 33 pages
Date of creation: Apr 2006
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Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp2097

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Related research
Keywords: job security discrimination wages decomposition permanent and contract workers manufacturing

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
J70 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - General
J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
J60 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies - - - General

References listed on IDEAS
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  1. Almas Heshmati, 2003. "Productivity Growth, Efficiency and Outsourcing in Manufacturing and Service Industries," Journal of Economic Surveys, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 17(1), pages 79-112, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  2. James J. Heckman & Lance J. Lochner & Petra E. Todd, 2005. "Earnings Functions, Rates of Return and Treatment Effects: The Mincer Equation and Beyond," IZA Discussion Papers 1700, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
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