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The Transatlantic Productivity Gap: Is R&D the Main Culprit?

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  • Raquel Ortega-Argilés

    (Faculty of Economics, University of Barcelona)

  • Mariacristina Piva

    (Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Sociali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore)

  • Marco Vivarelli

    (Dipartimenti e Istituti di Scienze Economiche Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore)

Abstract

The literature has pointed to different causes to explain the productivity gap between Europe and United States in the last decades. This paper tests the hypothesis that the lower European productivity performance in comparison with the US can be explained not only by a lower level of corporate R&D investment, but also by a lower capacity to translate R&D investment into productivity gains. The proposed microeconometric estimates are based on a unique longitudinal database covering the period 1990-2008 and comprising 1,809 US and European companies for a total of 16,079 observations. Consistent with previous literature, we find robust evidence of a significant impact of R&D on productivity; however – using different estimation techniques - the R&D coefficients for the US firms always turn out to be significantly higher. To see to what extent these transatlantic differences may be related to the different sectoral structures in the US and the EU, we differentiated the analysis by sectors. The result is that both in manufacturing, services and high-tech sectors US firms are more efficient in translating their R&D investments into productivity increases.

Suggested Citation

  • Raquel Ortega-Argilés & Mariacristina Piva & Marco Vivarelli, 2011. "The Transatlantic Productivity Gap: Is R&D the Main Culprit?," IREA Working Papers 201103, University of Barcelona, Research Institute of Applied Economics, revised Mar 2011.
    • Handle: RePEc:ira:wpaper:201103
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    Keywords

    R&D; productivity; embodied technological change; US; EU. JEL classification:O33;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes

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