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Stratégies coopératives dans l'industrie du GNL : l'argument de la rationalisation est-il fondé ?

Author

Listed:
  • Olivier Massol

    (IFPEN - IFP Energies nouvelles)

  • Stéphane Tchung-Ming

    (IFPEN - IFP Energies nouvelles)

Abstract

Naturel Liquéfié (GNL) qui participent aux réunions du Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF). Cette étude économique s'intéresse plus particulièrement à un scénario souvent évoqué : celui de l'émergence d'une coopération conçue dans un but unique de rationalisation logistique, c'est-à dire sans incidence sur les prix du GNL. A l'aide d'un modèle statique simple - il s'agit d'un problème de transport classique – calibré sur l'année 2007, nous évaluons tout d'abord le gain tiré de cette coopération. Les résultats numériques suggèrent que, en l'absence de politique de redistribution, cette stratégie coopérative ne serait vraisemblablement pas adoptée. Sans redistribution, le choix de la coopération ne serait pas rationnel pour certains exportateurs... Le problème du partage de ce gain collectif a donc été formulé à l'aide des concepts de la théorie des jeux coopératifs. Plusieurs politiques de redistribution ont été étudiées, dont la valeur de Shapley ainsi que plusieurs concepts inspirés par le nucléole. Nos résultats suggèrent que le choix d'une politique de redistribution s'avère relativement restreint. Parmi les méthodes étudiées, seule celle, sophistiquée, du per capita nucleolus vérifie deux propriétés souhaitables : l'appartenance au coeur du jeu coopératif et la monotonie par rapport à l'agrégat. Enfin, nous nous intéressons au cas où la coopération induirait un coût de coordination et recherchons le montant maximal de ce coût. Vu la faiblesse de ce montant et la relative complexité de la méthode de partage mise en oeuvre, la vraisemblance du scénario d'une coopération logistique exempte de pouvoir de marché paraît douteuse.

Suggested Citation

  • Olivier Massol & Stéphane Tchung-Ming, 2009. "Stratégies coopératives dans l'industrie du GNL : l'argument de la rationalisation est-il fondé ?," Working Papers hal-02469480, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-02469480
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    References listed on IDEAS

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