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Avoir les coudes serrés dans le métro parisien : évaluation contingente du confort des déplacements

Author

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  • Luke Haywood

    (PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, PSE - Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforshung Berlin - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforshung Berlin)

  • Martin Koning

    (CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Les dimensions qualitatives des déplacements dans les transports publics sont de plus en plus présentées comme des facteurs altérant le bien-être des voyageurs. Dans cet article, nous nous concentrons sur le confort des déplacements en métro, celui-ci étant défini comme l'espace disponible à l'intérieur des véhicules. L'évaluation contingente du confort – menée à partir d'une enquête récoltée en 2009 sur les quais de la ligne 1 du métro parisien – souligne que le manque d'espace durant les voyages engendre une importante désutilité. La « variation équivalente du coût généralisé » entre niveaux de confort des heures de pointe et des heures creuses est de 5,7-8,1 minutes en moyenne, soit une augmentation de 29 %-42 % de la durée des voyages en véhicule, ou encore 1,01-1,54 € une fois les ressources temporelles monétarisées. L'analyse économétrique des préférences déclarées suggère que les réponses individuelles sont essentiellement influencées par les caractéristiques du voyage (durée en véhicule et niveau de confort, objectif ou subjectif). Ces données permettent finalement de valoriser l'effet externe de congestion dans les métros. Comme nous l'illustrons dans le cas parisien, ce paramètre peut significativement modifier l'évaluation économique des politiques de transports.

Suggested Citation

  • Luke Haywood & Martin Koning, 2012. "Avoir les coudes serrés dans le métro parisien : évaluation contingente du confort des déplacements," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) halshs-01510279, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:cesptp:halshs-01510279
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    2. Pierre-Alexandre Mahieu & Romain Craste & Bengt Kriström & Pere Riera, 2014. "Non-market valuation in France: An overview of the research activity," Working Papers hal-01087365, HAL.
    3. de Palma, André & Kilani, Moez & Proost, Stef, 2015. "Discomfort in mass transit and its implication for scheduling and pricing," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 1-18.
    4. Haywood, Luke & Koning, Martin, 2015. "The distribution of crowding costs in public transport: New evidence from Paris," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 182-201.
    5. Wang, Bin & Zacharias, John, 2020. "Noise, odor and passenger density in perceived crowding in public transport," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 215-223.

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    confort des déplacements;

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