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Quantitative easing and bank lending: evidence from Japan

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Prior to the recent financial crisis, one of the most prominent examples of unconventional monetary stimulus was Japan's \"quantitative easing policy\" (QEP). Most analysts agree that QEP did not succeed in stimulating aggregate demand sufficiently to overcome persistent deflation. However, it remains unclear whether QEP simply provided little stimulus, or whether its positive effects were overwhelmed by the contractionary forces in Japan's post-bubble economy. In the spirit of Kashyap and Stein (2000) and Hosono (2006), this paper uses bank-level data from 2000 to 2009 to examine the effectiveness in promoting bank lending of a key element of QEP, the Bank of Japan's injections of liquidity into the interbank market. We identify a robust, positive, and statistically significant effect of bank liquidity positions on lending, suggesting that the expansion of reserves associated with QEP likely boosted the flow of credit. However, the overall size of that boost was probably quite small. First, the estimated response of lending to liquidity positions in our regressions is small. Second, much of the effect of the BOJ's reserve injections on bank liquidity was offset as banks reduced their lending to each other. Finally, the effect of liquidity on lending appears to have held only during the initial years of QEP, when the banking system was at its weakest; by 2005, even before QEP was abandoned, the relationship between liquidity and lending had evaporated.

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  • David Bowman & Fang Cai & Sally M. Davies & Steven B. Kamin, 2011. "Quantitative easing and bank lending: evidence from Japan," International Finance Discussion Papers 1018, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
  • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedgif:1018
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    Cited by:

    1. Hashem Pesaran, M. & Smith, Ron P., 2016. "Counterfactual analysis in macroeconometrics: An empirical investigation into the effects of quantitative easing," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(2), pages 262-280.
    2. Juan Carlos Medina Guirado, 2020. "Unconventional monetary policy and credit market activity," Estudios Regionales en Economía, Población y Desarrollo. Cuadernos de Trabajo de la Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez. 57, Cuerpo Académico 41 de la Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, revised 04 Jan 2020.
    3. Christophe Blot & Jérôme Creel & Paul Hubert & Fabien Labondance, 2015. "Que peut-on attendre de l’assouplissement quantitatif de la BCE ?," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(2), pages 265-290.
    4. Cezar, Rafael & Silvestrini, Maéva, 2021. "Impact of the ECB Quantitative Easing on the International Investment Position," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 241-263.
    5. Lucian Liviu Albu & Radu Lupu & Cantemir Adrian Călin & Oana Cristina Popovici, 2014. "Estimating the Impact of Quantitative Easing On Credit Risk through an ARMA-GARCH Model," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(3), pages 39-50, October.
    6. Meixing Dai & Fanny Loux, 2017. "Les taux d’intérêt nominaux négatifs sont-ils efficaces pour relancer la croissance des crédits et de l’économie ?," Bulletin de l'Observatoire des politiques économiques en Europe, Observatoire des Politiques Économiques en Europe (OPEE), vol. 36(1), pages 9-20, June.
    7. Fatouh, Mahmoud & Markose, Sheri & Giansante, Simone, 2021. "The impact of quantitative easing on UK bank lending: Why banks do not lend to businesses?," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 928-953.
    8. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/3t12lkolqm85v9rk22ov8gbimf is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Mamatzakis, Emmanuel & Matousek, Roman & Vu, Anh Nguyet, 2016. "What is the impact of bankrupt and restructured loans on Japanese bank efficiency?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 72(S), pages 187-202.
    10. Rafael Cezar & Maéva Silvestrini, 2018. "Impact of the ECB Quantitative Easing on the French International Investment Position," Working papers 701, Banque de France.
    11. D'Avino, Carmela, 2018. "Quantitative easing, global banks and the international bank lending channel," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 234-246.

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