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Substitution between net and gross settlement systems: A concern for financial stability?

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  • Ben R. Craig
  • Falko Fecht

Abstract

While net settlement systems make more efficient use of liquidity than gross settlement systems, they are known to generate systemic risk. What does that tendency imply for the stability of the payments (or financial) system when the two settlement systems coexist? Do liquidity shortages induce banks to settle more transactions in the net settlement system, thereby increasing systemic risk? Or do banks require their counterparties to send payments through the gross settlement system when default risks are high, increasing the need for liquidity and the money market rate but reducing overall systemic risk? This paper studies the factors that drive the relative importance of net and gross settlement systems over the short run, using daily data on transaction volumes from the large- volume payment systems of all euro area countries that have had both a net and a gross settlement system at the same time. Applying a large portfolio of different econometric techniques, we find that it is actually the transaction volumes in gross settlement systems that affect the daily price of liquidity and the credit risk spread in money markets.

Suggested Citation

  • Ben R. Craig & Falko Fecht, 2011. "Substitution between net and gross settlement systems: A concern for financial stability?," Working Papers (Old Series) 1132, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedcwp:1132
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Angelini, Paolo, 1998. "An analysis of competitive externalities in gross settlement systems," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 22(1), pages 1-18, January.
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    3. Kahn, Charles M & McAndrews, James & Roberds, William, 2003. "Settlement Risk under Gross and Net Settlement," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 35(4), pages 591-608, August.
    4. Kahn, Charles M & Roberds, William, 1998. "Payment System Settlement and Bank Incentives," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 11(4), pages 845-870.
    5. Lacker, Jeffrey M., 1997. "Clearing, settlement and monetary policy," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(2), pages 347-381, October.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Payment systems; Systemic risk;

    JEL classification:

    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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