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The Impact of 9/11 and Other Terrible Global Events on Tourism in the U.S. and Hawaii

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Author Info
Carl Bonham () (Department of Economics, University of Hawaii at Manoa)
Christopher Edmonds () (East-West Center and Department of Economics at the University of Hawaii at Manoa)
James Mak () (Department of Economics, University of Hawaii at Manoa)

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Abstract

This paper reviews recent trends in travel and tourism in the U.S. and Hawaii to ascertain how the terrorist attacks of 9/11 and subsequent terrible global events affected their tourism flows and the manner and pace of their recovery. We note that tourism in the U.S. has not fully recovered from 9/11 and other international shocks; indeed recovery of international travel to the U.S. may be a long way off. By contrast, Hawaii tourism is enjoying robust growth in the aftermath of 9/11 as growth in tourist arrivals from the U.S. mainland has more than offset declines in Japanese and other international visitors. We suggest that Hawaii's current tourism boom is in part explained by the diversion of U.S. travel from foreign travel. The paper demonstrates the usefulness of vector error correction models to generate dynamic visitor forecasts which we use to ascertain whether tourism in Hawaii has fully recovered from 9/11 and other terrible international events. The paper considers policy options for facilitating the recovery of international tourism to the U.S.

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Paper provided by East-West Center, Economics Study Area in its series Economics Study Area Working Papers with number 87.

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Length: pages 23
Date of creation: Feb 2006
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Handle: RePEc:ewc:wpaper:wp87

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  1. Hendry, David F. & Pagan, Adrian R. & Sargan, J.Denis, 1984. "Dynamic specification," Handbook of Econometrics, in: Z. Griliches† & M. D. Intriligator (ed.), Handbook of Econometrics, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 18, pages 1023-1100 Elsevier. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Scott S. Blunk & David E. Clark & James M. McGibany, 2006. "Evaluating the long-run impacts of the 9/11 terrorist attacks on US domestic airline travel," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 38(4), pages 363-370, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Nicholas G. Rupp & George M. Holmes & Jeff DeSimone, . "Airline Schedule Recovery after Airport Closures: Empirical Evidence since September 11th," Working Papers 0207, East Carolina University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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  4. Bonham, Carl S & Gangnes, Byron, 1996. "Intervention Analysis with Cointegrated Time Series: The Case of the Hawaii Hotel Room Tax," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 28(10), pages 1281-93, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Christopher Edmonds & James Mak, 2006. "Terrorism and Tourism in the Asia Pacific Region: Is Travel and Tourism in a New World After 9/11?," Economics Study Area Working Papers 86, East-West Center, Economics Study Area. [Downloadable!]
  6. Enders, Walter & Sandler, Todd & Parise, Gerald F, 1992. "An Econometric Analysis of the Impact of Terrorism on Tourism," Kyklos, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 45(4), pages 531-54.
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