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Firm entry, productivity differentials and turnovers in import substituting markets: a study of the petrochemical industry in Colombia

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  • Luis Gutierrez
  • Carlos Pombo

Abstract

This paper analyses plant entry, total factor productivity growth, average productivity level differentials and turnovers across Colombia's petrochemical industry for the 1974-1998 period. Results show that successful entrants shaped industry productivity and induced plant restructuring among incumbent plants. There is consistent plant heterogeneity across plant cohorts as well as across sub-markets within petrochemicals. Entry flows were steady increasing within plastics regardless of trade policy regimes. Survival rates are remarkably high and consistent over time in medium-size plants meaning that entrants adopted competitive post-entry strategies. Total factor productivity growth decomposition shows that the incumbent effect dominates the turnover effect. Market share reallocation among continuing plants constitutes an important source of productivity growth. Econometric results suggest that barriers to entry associated with plant technology licensing and dependence of imported raw materials deter entry while complementary market variables such as industry productivity levels, growth in housing construction, and fringe competition induce firm entry. ******************************************************************** El documento analiza la entrada, crecimiento de la productividad total de los factores, diferenciales en productividad promedio y rotación en la industria petroquímica colombiana para el período 1974-1998. Los resultados muestran que los entrantes exitosos dieron forma a la productividad de la industria e indujeron a la reestructuración de las plantas existentes. Existe gran heterogeneidad entre cohortes de empresas así como entre submercados al interior de la industria petroquímica. Los flujos de entrada crecieron constantemente en el sector de plásticos, a pesar de los cambios de política comercial. Las tasas de supervivencia son muy altas y consistentes en el tiempo para las plantas de tamano mediano, lo que nos lleva a pensar que las empresas entrantes adoptaron para el período post-entrada estrategias competitivas. La descomposición del crecimiento de la productividad total de los factores, muestra que el efecto de las empresas establecidas domina sobre el efecto de rotación de empresas. La redistribución de participación de mercado entre las plantas establecidas hacia las de más alta productividad se constituye en una importante fuente del crecimiento de la eficiencia productiva. Los resultados econométricos sugieren que las barreras a la entrada, asociadas con el licenciamiento de la tecnología y la dependencia de materias primas importadas disuade la entrada, mientras que variables complementarias del mercado como los niveles de productividad, crecimiento en la construcción de vivienda y competencia periférica inducen la entrada de firmas.

Suggested Citation

  • Luis Gutierrez & Carlos Pombo, 2004. "Firm entry, productivity differentials and turnovers in import substituting markets: a study of the petrochemical industry in Colombia," Borradores de Investigación 2728, Universidad del Rosario.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000091:002728
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Barbara Roberts & Steve Thompson, 2003. "Entry and Exit in a Transition Economy: The Case of Poland," Review of Industrial Organization, Springer;The Industrial Organization Society, vol. 22(3), pages 225-243, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Andrés Felipe Martínez, 2006. "Determinantes de la supervivencia de empresas industriales en el área metropolitana de Cali 1994-2003," Ensayos Sobre Economía Regional (ESER) 2320, Banco de la República - Economía Regional.
    2. Andrés Felipe Martínez, 2006. "Determinantes de la supervivencia de empresas industriales en el área metropolitana de Cali 1994-2003," Ensayos sobre Economía Regional (ESER) 41, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Entry; Turnover; Total Factor Productivity; Petrochemical Industry;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O12 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • D24 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence

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