IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/bdr/borrec/1057.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Ciclo y composición del cambio en los salarios: una aproximación a la estructura salarial de Colombia

Author

Listed:
  • Francisco Lasso-Valderrama

    (Banco de la República de Colombia)

  • Laura Rodríguez-Quintero

    (Universidad Javeriana)

Abstract

Este trabajo presenta evidencia empírica del impacto de los efectos composición del empleo, estructura salarial y del ciclo económico sobre la evolución salarial en Colombia. Se utilizan las encuestas aplicadas a la fuerza laboral de siete ciudades por el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE) desde 1984 a 2017. Esta es la serie de encuestas urbanas más larga y homogénea disponible en el país. Usando la técnica de función de influencia recentrada (RIF en inglés) en regresión cuantílica incondicional reponderada y una generalización de la descomposición estándar a la Oaxaca – Blinder se evidencia que los salarios exhiben un comportamiento pro-cíclico, y especialmente en la población de mayor remuneración, son flexibles y reaccionan significativamente ante los ciclos económicos. Este comportamiento está acompañado de un efecto composición favorable al incremento de los salarios reales y un efecto estructura salarial favorable a la disminución de la desigualdad salarial, siendo el capital humano (años de educación y experiencia laboral) el factor que más contribuye en ambos efectos. **** RESUMEN: This paper presents empirical evidence of the impact of the employment composition effects, wage structure and economic cycle on the evolution of wages in Colombia. The analysis is carried out using the labor force survey of the seven principal cities of Colombia applied by the Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE) from 1984 to 2017. This one is the largest and homogeneous dataset available for urban sector in the country. The proposed methodology is based on the re-centered influence function (RIF), re-weighted unconditional quantile regressions and a generalization of the standard Oaxaca - Blinder decomposition. We find that wages present a pro-cyclical behavior, especially for the population that receives the greater remunerations. For this group, wages are also flexible and react significantly to economic cycles. The composition effect contributes towards greater real wages, and the salary structure effect reduce wage inequality. The human capital (number of years of education and work experience) is the factor that contributes the most in both effects.

Suggested Citation

  • Francisco Lasso-Valderrama & Laura Rodríguez-Quintero, 2018. "Ciclo y composición del cambio en los salarios: una aproximación a la estructura salarial de Colombia," Borradores de Economia 1057, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:1057
    DOI: 10.32468/be.1057
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.32468/be.1057
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.32468/be.1057?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lasso-Valderrama, Francisco Javier & López-Enciso, Enrique Antonio, 2011. "Incrementos del salario mínimo legal : ¿Cuál es el impacto redistributivo del cambio en los precios relativos al consumidor?," Chapters, in: López Enciso, Enrique & Ramírez Giraldo, María Teresa (ed.), Formación de precios y salarios en Colombia T.2, volume 2, chapter 20, pages 840-869, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    2. DiNardo, John & Fortin, Nicole M & Lemieux, Thomas, 1996. "Labor Market Institutions and the Distribution of Wages, 1973-1992: A Semiparametric Approach," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 64(5), pages 1001-1044, September.
    3. Elder, Todd E. & Goddeeris, John H. & Haider, Steven J., 2010. "Unexplained gaps and Oaxaca-Blinder decompositions," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 17(1), pages 284-290, January.
    4. Fortin, Nicole & Lemieux, Thomas & Firpo, Sergio, 2011. "Decomposition Methods in Economics," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 1, pages 1-102, Elsevier.
    5. Echavarría-Soto, Juan José & López, Enrique & Ocampo, Sergio & Rodríguez-Niño, Norberto, 2012. "Choques, instituciones laborales y desempleo en Colombia," Chapters, in: Arango-Thomas, Luis Eduardo & Hamann-Salcedo, Franz Alonso (ed.), El mercado de trabajo en Colombia : hechos, tendencias e instituciones, chapter 18, pages 753-794, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    6. Thomas Lemieux, 2002. "Decomposing changes in wage distributions: a unified approach," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 35(4), pages 646-688, November.
    7. Arango-Thomas, Luis Eduardo & Obando, Nataly & Posada, Carlos Esteban, 2011. "Sensibilidad de los salarios al desempleo regional en Colombia: nuevas estimaciones de la curva de salarios," Chapters, in: López Enciso, Enrique & Ramírez Giraldo, María Teresa (ed.), Formación de precios y salarios en Colombia T.2, volume 2, chapter 23, pages 953-978, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    8. Christian Manuel Posso, 2010. "Desigualdad salarial en Colombia 1984-2005: cambios en la composición del mercado laboral y retornos a la educación post-secundaria," Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad, Universidad de los Andes,Facultad de Economía, CEDE, December.
    9. Sara Lemos, 2004. "The Effects of the Minimum Wage on Prices in Brazil," Labor and Demography 0403011, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Lemos, Sara, 2004. "The Effect of the Minimum Wage on Prices," IZA Discussion Papers 1072, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    11. Joseph E. Stiglitz, 1984. "Theories of Wage Rigidity," NBER Working Papers 1442, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    12. Michelle Alexopoulos, 2003. "Growth and unemployment in a shirking efficiency wage model," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 36(3), pages 728-746, August.
    13. Melly, Blaise, 2005. "Decomposition of differences in distribution using quantile regression," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 12(4), pages 577-590, August.
    14. Juhn, Chinhui & Murphy, Kevin M & Pierce, Brooks, 1993. "Wage Inequality and the Rise in Returns to Skill," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 101(3), pages 410-442, June.
    15. Luis Eduardo Arango & Freddy Felipe Parra-Escobar & Álvaro José Pinzón-Giraldo, 2016. "El ciclo económico y el mercado de trabajo en Colombia: 1984-2014," Revista ESPE - Ensayos sobre Política Económica, Banco de la Republica de Colombia, vol. 34(81), pages 206-228, December.
    16. Sergio Firpo & Nicole M. Fortin & Thomas Lemieux, 2009. "Unconditional Quantile Regressions," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 77(3), pages 953-973, May.
    17. David G. Blanchflower & Andrew J. Oswald, 2005. "The Wage Curve Reloaded," NBER Working Papers 11338, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    18. David Neumark, 1988. "Employers' Discriminatory Behavior and the Estimation of Wage Discrimination," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 23(3), pages 279-295.
    19. Oaxaca, Ronald L. & Ransom, Michael R., 1994. "On discrimination and the decomposition of wage differentials," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 61(1), pages 5-21, March.
    20. Hugo López & Francisco Lasso, 2008. "Salario Mínimo, Salario Medio Y Empleo Asalariado Privado En Colombia," Borradores de Economia 4512, Banco de la Republica.
    21. Firpo, Sergio & Fortin, Nicole M. & Lemieux, Thomas, 2011. "Occupational Tasks and Changes in the Wage Structure," IZA Discussion Papers 5542, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    22. Luis Eduardo Arango & Freddy Felipe Parra & Álvaro José Pinzón, 2015. "El ciclo económico y el mercado de trabajo en Colombia: 1984 - 2014," Borradores de Economia 13962, Banco de la Republica.
    23. Richard A. Breche & Zhiqi Chen & Ehsan U. Choudhri, 2002. "Unemployment and Growth in the Long Run: An Efficiency-Wage Model with Optimal Savings," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 43(3), pages 875-894, August.
    24. Francisco Javier LASSO VALDERRAMA, 2002. "Nueva metodología de Encuesta de hogares. ¿Más o menos desempleados?," Archivos de Economía 3282, Departamento Nacional de Planeación.
    25. Sara Lemos, 2004. "The Effect of the Minimum Wage on Prices across Income Levels in Brazil," Discussion Papers in Economics 04/22, Division of Economics, School of Business, University of Leicester.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sonja C. Kassenboehmer & Mathias G. Sinning, 2014. "Distributional Changes in the Gender Wage Gap," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 67(2), pages 335-361, April.
    2. Inés P. Murillo Huertas & Raúl Ramos & Hipólito Simón, 2020. "Revisiting interregional wage differentials: New evidence from Spain with matched employer‐employee data," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 60(2), pages 296-347, March.
    3. Carla Canelas & Silvia Salazar, 2014. "Gender and ethnic inequalities in LAC countries," IZA Journal of Labor & Development, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 3(1), pages 1-15, December.
    4. Fortin, Nicole & Lemieux, Thomas & Firpo, Sergio, 2011. "Decomposition Methods in Economics," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 1, pages 1-102, Elsevier.
    5. Carla Canelas & Silvia Salazar, 2014. "Gender and Ethnicity in Bolivia, Ecuador and Guatemala," Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne 14021, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1), Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne.
    6. Sloczynski, Tymon, 2015. "Average Wage Gaps and Oaxaca–Blinder Decompositions," IZA Discussion Papers 9036, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    7. Raúl Ramos & Esteban Sanromá & Hipólito Simón, 2014. "Public-Private Sector Wage Differentials by Type of Contract: Evidence from Spain," Hacienda Pública Española / Review of Public Economics, IEF, vol. 208(1), pages 107-141, March.
    8. Sergio P. Firpo & Nicole M. Fortin & Thomas Lemieux, 2018. "Decomposing Wage Distributions Using Recentered Influence Function Regressions," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-40, May.
    9. Sloczynski, Tymon, 2013. "Population Average Gender Effects," IZA Discussion Papers 7315, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    10. Inés P. Murillo & Hipólito Simón, 2014. "La Gran Recesión y el diferencial salarial por género en España," Hacienda Pública Española / Review of Public Economics, IEF, vol. 208(1), pages 39-76, March.
    11. Casado-Díaz, José M. & Simón, Hipólito, 2016. "Wage differences in the hospitality sector," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 96-109.
    12. Raúl Ramos & Esteban Sanromá & Hipólito Simón, 2015. "An analysis of wage differentials between full-and part-time workers in Spain," Working Papers 2015/29, Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB).
    13. Sloczynski, Tymon, 2018. "Average Gaps and Oaxaca's Blinder Decompositions: A Cautionary Tale about Regression Estimates of Racial Differences in Labor Market Outcomes," IZA Discussion Papers 12041, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    14. Andrej Cupák & Pavel Ciaian & d'Artis Kancs, 2021. "Comparing the immigrant-native pay gap: A novel evidence from home and host countries," EERI Research Paper Series EERI RP 2021/05, Economics and Econometrics Research Institute (EERI), Brussels.
    15. repec:zbw:rwirep:0220 is not listed on IDEAS
    16. Sonja C. Kassenböhmer & Mathias Sinning, 2010. "Distributional Changes in the Gender Wage Gap," Ruhr Economic Papers 0220, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universität Dortmund, Universität Duisburg-Essen.
    17. Raúl Ramos & Esteban Sanromá & Hipólito Simón, 2014. "Public-Private Sector Wage Differentials by Type of Contract: Evidence from Spain," Hacienda Pública Española, IEF, vol. 208(1), pages 107-141, March.
    18. Ghosh, Pallab Kumar, 2014. "The contribution of human capital variables to changes in the wage distribution function," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 58-69.
    19. Carla Canelas & Silvia Salazar, 2014. "Gender and Ethnic Inequalities in LAC Countries," Post-Print halshs-00973891, HAL.
    20. Haifeng Nie & Ximing Yue, 2017. "Re-discussion on the rationality of high income of monopoly industries: evidence from the employer-employee matched data," China Finance and Economic Review, Springer, vol. 5(1), pages 1-22, December.
    21. Karolina Goraus Tanska & Joanna Tyrowicz & Lucas Augusto van der Velde, 2020. "How rankings disguise gender inequality: A comparative analysis of cross-country gender equality rankings based on adjusted wage gaps," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(11), pages 1-21, November.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Salarios; ciclo de los salarios; composición del empleo; desigualdad salarial; Colombia; regresión RIF; Wages; wages cycle; employment composition; wage inequality; Colombia; RIF regression.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality
    • C14 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General
    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:1057. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Clorith Angélica Bahos Olivera (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/brcgvco.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.