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Prevalence of U.S. Food Insecurity Is Related to Changes in Unemployment, Inflation, and the Price of Food

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  • Nord, Mark
  • Coleman-Jensen, Alisha
  • Gregory, Christian

Abstract

This report examines the extent to which year-to-year changes in the prevalence of U.S. household food insecurity can be explained by changes in the national unemployment rate, inflation, and the price of food relative to other goods and services. Data are from the 2001-12 Current Population Survey Food Security Supplements and statistics on employment and prices from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Understanding the strength and consistency of these associations can broaden understanding of how national and household economic conditions affect food insecurity. As an example, the report sheds light on why food security has remained essentially unchanged since the 2007-09 recession. Falling unemployment from early post-recession (2009-10) to 2012, absent any other changes, would suggest a modest decline in the prevalence of food insecurity. However, this report finds that potential improvement was almost exactly offset by the effects of higher inflation and the higher relative price of food in 2012.

Suggested Citation

  • Nord, Mark & Coleman-Jensen, Alisha & Gregory, Christian, 2014. "Prevalence of U.S. Food Insecurity Is Related to Changes in Unemployment, Inflation, and the Price of Food," Economic Research Report 262213, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:uersrr:262213
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.262213
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    1. Bartfeld, Judi & Dunifon, Rachel & Nord, Mark & Carlson, Steven, 2006. "What Factors Account for State-to-State Differences in Food Security?," Economic Information Bulletin 7086, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    2. Christian A. Gregory & Alisha Coleman-Jensen, 2013. "Do High Food Prices Increase Food Insecurity in the United States?," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 35(4), pages 679-707.
    3. Nord, Mark & Prell, Mark, 2011. "Food Security Improved Following the 2009 ARRA Increase in SNAP Benefits," Economic Research Report 262242, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    4. Kathryn Edin & Melody Boyd & James Mabli & Jim Ohls & Julie Worthington & Sara Greene & Nicholas Redel & Swetha Sridharan, "undated". "SNAP Food Security In-Depth Interview Study," Mathematica Policy Research Reports cad6b24b82bd4318b8459c8ef, Mathematica Policy Research.
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    Cited by:

    1. Vicka Kharisma & Naoya Abe, 2020. "Food Insecurity and Associated Socioeconomic Factors: Application of Rasch and Binary Logistic Models with Household Survey Data in Three Megacities in Indonesia," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 148(2), pages 655-679, April.
    2. Gregory, Christian A. & Coleman-Jensen, Alisha, 2017. "Food Insecurity, Chronic Disease, and Health Among Working-Age Adults," Economic Research Report 261813, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    3. Kelly Stamper Balistreri, 2018. "Family Structure and Child Food Insecurity: Evidence from the Current Population Survey," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 138(3), pages 1171-1185, August.
    4. Arteaga, Irma & Heflin, Colleen & Gable, Sara, 2016. "The impact of aging out of WIC on food security in households with children," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 82-96.
    5. Ronette Briefel & Micah Melia & Bonnie Harvey & Sarah Forrestal & Gregory Chojnacki & Pia Caronongan & Andrew Gothro & Charlotte Cabili & Rebecca Kleinman & Vivian Gabor & Nicholas Redel & Philip Glea, "undated". "Evaluation of Demonstration Projects to End Childhood Hunger: Final Interim Evaluation Report," Mathematica Policy Research Reports bd47848e99584631827d4385d, Mathematica Policy Research.
    6. Elena Carrillo-Álvarez & Blanca Salinas-Roca & Lluís Costa-Tutusaus & Raimon Milà-Villarroel & Nithya Shankar Krishnan, 2021. "The Measurement of Food Insecurity in High-Income Countries: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-57, September.
    7. Berning, Joshua P. & Bonanno, Alessandro & Bayham, Jude & Zhou, Siwen, 2021. "The impact of business cycles on immigrant household food security," 2021 Annual Meeting, August 1-3, Austin, Texas 314001, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    8. Ashish Joshi & Arushi Arora & Chioma Amadi-Mgbenka & Nidhi Mittal & Shruti Sharma & Bhavya Malhotra & Ashoo Grover & Archa Misra & Menka Loomba, 2019. "Burden of household food insecurity in urban slum settings," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(4), pages 1-24, April.
    9. Otto Lenhart, 2021. "The effects of paid family leave on food insecurity—evidence from California," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 19(3), pages 615-639, September.
    10. Ahmed Raza CHEEMA* & Zafar ABBAS**, 2016. "Determinants of food Insecurity in Pakistan: Evidence from PSLM 2010-11," Pakistan Journal of Applied Economics, Applied Economics Research Centre, vol. 26(2), pages 183-213.
    11. Xu, Lei & Plakias, Zoë, 2022. "The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), Food Insecurity, and Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Appalachian Ohio," 2022 Annual Meeting, July 31-August 2, Anaheim, California 322370, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    12. Tuttle, Charlotte, 2016. "The Stimulus Act of 2009 and Its Effect on Food-At-Home Spending by SNAP Participants," Economic Research Report 262193, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    13. Khan, Younas & Alsawalqa, Rula Odeh & Shah, Mussawar & Asadullah & Khan, Naushad & Jan, Bushra Hasan, 2022. "Does social stratification predict household food and nutrition insecurity? A sociological perspective," African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development (AJFAND), African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development (AJFAND), vol. 22(08).
    14. Kotz, Maximilian & Kuik, Friderike & Lis, Eliza & Nickel, Christiane, 2023. "The impact of global warming on inflation: averages, seasonality and extremes," Working Paper Series 2821, European Central Bank.
    15. Onikia NB & Mary Katherine BT & Joseph JM, 2018. "Factors that Influence Food Security in Nicaragua and the Role of Home Gardening in Reducing Food Insecurity and Improving Income," Nutrition & Food Science International Journal, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 6(5), pages 120-130, May.
    16. Narges Ebadi & Davod Ahmadi & Ibrahim Sirkeci & Hugo Melgar-Quiñonez, 2018. "The Impact of Remittances on Food Security Status in the Global South," Remittances Review, Remittances Review, vol. 3(2), pages 135-150, October.
    17. Kelly Stamper Balistreri, 2016. "A Decade of Change: Measuring the Extent, Depth and Severity of Food Insecurity," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 37(3), pages 373-382, September.
    18. Bergmans, Rachel S. & Wegryn-Jones, Riley, 2020. "Examining associations of food insecurity with major depression among older adults in the wake of the Great Recession," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).

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