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Leistungs- oder Bedarfsgerechtigkeit? Über einen normativen Zielkonflikt des Wohlfahrtsstaats und seiner Bedeutung für die Bewertung des eigenen Erwerbseinkommens

Author

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  • Liebig, Stefan
  • Schupp, Jürgen

Abstract

Der Beitrag analysiert den Zielkonflikt zwischen Leistungs- und Bedarfsgerechtigkeit in modernen Wohlfahrtsstaaten und das fundamentale Problem, weshalb die Abgabenund Steuerlast von den Bürgern akzeptiert wird. Es wird die Frage beantwortet, inwieweit ein auf der Makroebene der Gesellschaft bestehendes Steuerungsproblem moderner Wohlfahrtsstaaten auch in der individuellen Wahrnehmung Gerechtigkeitsprobleme erzeugt. Anhand von repräsentativen Befragungsergebnissen eines theoriegeleiteten Erhebungsmoduls der Längsschnittstudie Sozio- oekonomisches Panel (SOEP) aus den Jahren 2005 und 2007 wird untersucht, wie Erwerbstätige ihr Einkommen unter dem Aspekt der Lohngerechtigkeit bewerten und welche Bedeutung dabei wohlfahrtsstaatliche Eingriffe haben. Ein zentrales Ergebnis der Analysen stellt der vergleichsweise hohe Anteil derjenigen dar, die ihr Erwerbseinkommen als gerecht wahrnehmen. Der in der Literatur für die Makroebene der Gesellschaft konstatierte normative Zielkonflikt zwischen Leistungs- und Bedarfsgerechtigkeit scheint auf der individuellen Ebene nicht wirklich zu bestehen, wie der Beitrag sowohl theoretisch als auch empirisch zu zeigen versucht. Ein bedeutsames empirisches Ergebnis ist, dass das subjektive Empfinden gerechter Entlohnung nicht geschmälert wird durch die Abgabenbelastung des eigenen Einkommens. Auch Bezieher hoher Einkommen beurteilen ihre Einkommen keineswegs als ungerecht. Ein weiteres Ergebnis der Analysen besteht darin, dass Transferzahlungen des Staates die individuellen Ungerechtigkeitsempfindungen im Hinblick auf das eigene Einkommen nicht kompensieren können; offen erkennbare Transferzahlungen werden von den erwerbstätigen Empfängern möglicherweise als diskriminierend empfunden.

Suggested Citation

  • Liebig, Stefan & Schupp, Jürgen, 2008. "Leistungs- oder Bedarfsgerechtigkeit? Über einen normativen Zielkonflikt des Wohlfahrtsstaats und seiner Bedeutung für die Bewertung des eigenen Erwerbseinkommens," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 59(1), pages 7-30.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:espost:73857
    DOI: 10.5771/0038-6073-2008-1-7
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