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Third‐degree price discrimination in the presence of congestion externality

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  • Achim I. Czerny
  • Anming Zhang

Abstract

This paper analyzes third‐degree price discrimination of a monopoly airline in the presence of congestion externality when all markets are served. The model features the business‐passenger and leisure‐passenger markets where business passengers exhibit a higher time valuation, and a less price‐elastic demand, than leisure passengers. Our main result is the identification of the time‐valuation effect of price discrimination, which can work in the opposite direction as the well‐known output effect on welfare. This time‐valuation effect clearly explains why discriminating prices can improve welfare even when this is associated with a reduction in aggregate output. Discrimination par les prix au troisième degré en présence d’effet externe de congestion. Ce texte analyse la discrimination par les prix au troisième degré par une ligne aérienne monopoliste en présence d’effet externe de congestion quand tous les marchés sont servis. Le modèle propose des marchés pour les passagers‐gens d’affaires (qui valorisent davantage leur temps et dont l’élasticité de la demande est moindre) et pour les passagers‐loisirs. Le résultat principal est l’identification d’un effet valorisation du temps de la discrimination par les prix, qui va dans la direction opposée de l’effet d’extrant sur le bien‐être. L’effet de valorisation du temps explique clairement pourquoi la discrimantion par les prix peut améliorer le niveau de bien‐être même quand elle est associée à une réduction de l’extrant agrégé.

Suggested Citation

  • Achim I. Czerny & Anming Zhang, 2015. "Third‐degree price discrimination in the presence of congestion externality," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 48(4), pages 1430-1455, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:48:y:2015:i:4:p:1430-1455
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12155
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    References listed on IDEAS

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