IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/testjl/v28y2019i2d10.1007_s11749-019-00651-9.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Data science, big data and statistics

Author

Listed:
  • Pedro Galeano

    (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid)

  • Daniel Peña

    (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid)

Abstract

This article analyzes how Big Data is changing the way we learn from observations. We describe the changes in statistical methods in seven areas that have been shaped by the Big Data-rich environment: the emergence of new sources of information; visualization in high dimensions; multiple testing problems; analysis of heterogeneity; automatic model selection; estimation methods for sparse models; and merging network information with statistical models. Next, we compare the statistical approach with those in computer science and machine learning and argue that the convergence of different methodologies for data analysis will be the core of the new field of data science. Then, we present two examples of Big Data analysis in which several new tools discussed previously are applied, as using network information or combining different sources of data. Finally, the article concludes with some final remarks.

Suggested Citation

  • Pedro Galeano & Daniel Peña, 2019. "Data science, big data and statistics," TEST: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 28(2), pages 289-329, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:testjl:v:28:y:2019:i:2:d:10.1007_s11749-019-00651-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s11749-019-00651-9
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11749-019-00651-9
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11749-019-00651-9?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Peter Hall & J. S. Marron & Amnon Neeman, 2005. "Geometric representation of high dimension, low sample size data," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 67(3), pages 427-444, June.
    2. Giannone, Domenico & Reichlin, Lucrezia & Small, David, 2008. "Nowcasting: The real-time informational content of macroeconomic data," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(4), pages 665-676, May.
    3. Wei, Fengrong & Tian, Weizhong, 2018. "Heterogeneous connection effects," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 9-14.
    4. Bouveyron, Charles & Brunet-Saumard, Camille, 2014. "Model-based clustering of high-dimensional data: A review," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 52-78.
    5. Jiahua Chen & Zehua Chen, 2008. "Extended Bayesian information criteria for model selection with large model spaces," Biometrika, Biometrika Trust, vol. 95(3), pages 759-771.
    6. Jushan Bai & Serena Ng, 2002. "Determining the Number of Factors in Approximate Factor Models," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 70(1), pages 191-221, January.
    7. Cerioli, Andrea & Farcomeni, Alessio & Riani, Marco, 2013. "Robust distances for outlier-free goodness-of-fit testing," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 29-45.
    8. López-Pintado, Sara & Romo, Juan, 2009. "On the Concept of Depth for Functional Data," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 104(486), pages 718-734.
    9. Domenico Giannone & Lucrezia Reichlin & David H. Small, 2005. "Nowcasting GDP and inflation: the real-time informational content of macroeconomic data releases," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2005-42, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    10. Tomohiro Ando & Jushan Bai, 2017. "Clustering Huge Number of Financial Time Series: A Panel Data Approach With High-Dimensional Predictors and Factor Structures," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 112(519), pages 1182-1198, July.
    11. Pena, Daniel & Poncela, Pilar, 2004. "Forecasting with nonstationary dynamic factor models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 119(2), pages 291-321, April.
    12. Cai, Tony & Liu, Weidong, 2011. "Adaptive Thresholding for Sparse Covariance Matrix Estimation," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 106(494), pages 672-684.
    13. Forni, Mario & Hallin, Marc & Lippi, Marco & Reichlin, Lucrezia, 2005. "The Generalized Dynamic Factor Model: One-Sided Estimation and Forecasting," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 100, pages 830-840, September.
    14. Davide Pigoli & Pantelis Z. Hadjipantelis & John S. Coleman & John A. D. Aston, 2018. "The statistical analysis of acoustic phonetic data: exploring differences between spoken Romance languages," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 67(5), pages 1103-1145, November.
    15. Dryden, Ian L. & Hodge, David J., 2018. "Journeys in big data statistics," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 121-125.
    16. Sijian Wang & Ji Zhu, 2008. "Variable Selection for Model-Based High-Dimensional Clustering and Its Application to Microarray Data," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 64(2), pages 440-448, June.
    17. Torrecilla, José L. & Romo, Juan, 2018. "Data learning from big data," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 15-19.
    18. T. Tony Cai & Weidong Liu, 2016. "Large-Scale Multiple Testing of Correlations," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 111(513), pages 229-240, March.
    19. Witten, Daniela M. & Tibshirani, Robert, 2010. "A Framework for Feature Selection in Clustering," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 105(490), pages 713-726.
    20. Shen, Haipeng & Huang, Jianhua Z., 2008. "Sparse principal component analysis via regularized low rank matrix approximation," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 99(6), pages 1015-1034, July.
    21. Yuhong Yang, 2005. "Can the strengths of AIC and BIC be shared? A conflict between model indentification and regression estimation," Biometrika, Biometrika Trust, vol. 92(4), pages 937-950, December.
    22. Bühlmann, Peter & van de Geer, Sara, 2018. "Statistics for big data: A perspective," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 37-41.
    23. Marco Riani & Anthony C. Atkinson & Andrea Cerioli, 2009. "Finding an unknown number of multivariate outliers," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 71(2), pages 447-466, April.
    24. Rajarshi Guhaniyogi & David B. Dunson, 2015. "Bayesian Compressed Regression," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 110(512), pages 1500-1514, December.
    25. Thomas Ryan & William Woodall, 2005. "The most-cited statistical papers," Journal of Applied Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(5), pages 461-474.
    26. Domenico Giannone & Lucrezia Reichlin & David Small, 2008. "Nowcasting: the real time informational content of macroeconomic data releases," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/6409, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    27. Sihai Dave Zhao & T. Tony Cai & Hongzhe Li, 2014. "Direct estimation of differential networks," Biometrika, Biometrika Trust, vol. 101(2), pages 253-268.
    28. Tzeng J-Y. & Byerley W. & Devlin B. & Roeder K. & Wasserman L., 2003. "Outlier Detection and False Discovery Rates for Whole-Genome DNA Matching," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 98, pages 236-246, January.
    29. Fraiman, Ricardo & Justel, Ana & Svarc, Marcela, 2008. "Selection of Variables for Cluster Analysis and Classification Rules," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 103(483), pages 1294-1303.
    30. Xiaosun Lu & J. S. Marron & Perry Haaland, 2014. "Object-Oriented Data Analysis of Cell Images," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 109(506), pages 548-559, June.
    31. Raftery, Adrian E. & Dean, Nema, 2006. "Variable Selection for Model-Based Clustering," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 101, pages 168-178, March.
    32. Hailiang Chen & Prabuddha De & Yu (Jeffrey) Hu & Byoung-Hyoun Hwang, 2014. "Wisdom of Crowds: The Value of Stock Opinions Transmitted Through Social Media," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 27(5), pages 1367-1403.
    33. Stock J.H. & Watson M.W., 2002. "Forecasting Using Principal Components From a Large Number of Predictors," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 97, pages 1167-1179, December.
    34. Galeano, Pedro & Pena, Daniel & Tsay, Ruey S., 2006. "Outlier Detection in Multivariate Time Series by Projection Pursuit," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 101, pages 654-669, June.
    35. Yoav Benjamini, 2010. "Discovering the false discovery rate," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 72(4), pages 405-416, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Reiko Aoki & Juan P. M. Bustamante & Gilberto A. Paula, 2022. "Local influence diagnostics with forward search in regression analysis," Statistical Papers, Springer, vol. 63(5), pages 1477-1497, October.
    2. Hassani, Hossein & Beneki, Christina & Silva, Emmanuel Sirimal & Vandeput, Nicolas & Madsen, Dag Øivind, 2021. "The science of statistics versus data science: What is the future?," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Poncela, Pilar & Ruiz, Esther & Miranda, Karen, 2021. "Factor extraction using Kalman filter and smoothing: This is not just another survey," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 1399-1425.
    2. Trucíos, Carlos & Mazzeu, João H.G. & Hotta, Luiz K. & Valls Pereira, Pedro L. & Hallin, Marc, 2021. "Robustness and the general dynamic factor model with infinite-dimensional space: Identification, estimation, and forecasting," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 1520-1534.
    3. Jianqing Fan & Kunpeng Li & Yuan Liao, 2020. "Recent Developments on Factor Models and its Applications in Econometric Learning," Papers 2009.10103, arXiv.org.
    4. Alvarez, Rocio & Camacho, Maximo & Perez-Quiros, Gabriel, 2016. "Aggregate versus disaggregate information in dynamic factor models," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 680-694.
    5. Bai, Jushan & Liao, Yuan, 2016. "Efficient estimation of approximate factor models via penalized maximum likelihood," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 191(1), pages 1-18.
    6. Stock, J.H. & Watson, M.W., 2016. "Dynamic Factor Models, Factor-Augmented Vector Autoregressions, and Structural Vector Autoregressions in Macroeconomics," Handbook of Macroeconomics, in: J. B. Taylor & Harald Uhlig (ed.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 0, pages 415-525, Elsevier.
    7. William A. Barnett & Biyan Tang, 2016. "Chinese Divisia Monetary Index and GDP Nowcasting," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 27(5), pages 825-849, November.
    8. Bräuning, Falk & Koopman, Siem Jan, 2014. "Forecasting macroeconomic variables using collapsed dynamic factor analysis," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 30(3), pages 572-584.
    9. Barsoum, Fady & Stankiewicz, Sandra, 2015. "Forecasting GDP growth using mixed-frequency models with switching regimes," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 33-50.
    10. Antipa, Pamfili & Barhoumi, Karim & Brunhes-Lesage, Véronique & Darné, Olivier, 2012. "Nowcasting German GDP: A comparison of bridge and factor models," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 864-878.
    11. Banbura, Marta & Rünstler, Gerhard, 2011. "A look into the factor model black box: Publication lags and the role of hard and soft data in forecasting GDP," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 27(2), pages 333-346, April.
    12. Doz, Catherine & Giannone, Domenico & Reichlin, Lucrezia, 2011. "A two-step estimator for large approximate dynamic factor models based on Kalman filtering," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 164(1), pages 188-205, September.
    13. Bork, Lasse, 2009. "Estimating US Monetary Policy Shocks Using a Factor-Augmented Vector Autoregression: An EM Algorithm Approach," Finance Research Group Working Papers F-2009-03, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Department of Business Studies.
    14. De Mol, Christine & Giannone, Domenico & Reichlin, Lucrezia, 2008. "Forecasting using a large number of predictors: Is Bayesian shrinkage a valid alternative to principal components?," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 146(2), pages 318-328, October.
    15. Tibor Szendrei & Katalin Varga, 2020. "FISS – A Factor-based Index of Systemic Stress in the Financial System," Russian Journal of Money and Finance, Bank of Russia, vol. 79(1), pages 3-34, March.
    16. Rocio Alvarez & Maximo Camacho & Gabriel Perez-Quiros, 2012. "Finite sample performance of small versus large scale dynamic factor models," Working Papers 1204, Banco de España.
    17. Pilar Poncela & Esther Ruiz, 2016. "Small- Versus Big-Data Factor Extraction in Dynamic Factor Models: An Empirical Assessment," Advances in Econometrics, in: Dynamic Factor Models, volume 35, pages 401-434, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    18. Jiayi Luo & Cindy Long Yu, 2021. "Determining Number of Factors in Dynamic Factor Models Contributing to GDP Nowcasting," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(22), pages 1-23, November.
    19. Catherine Doz & Peter Fuleky, 2019. "Dynamic Factor Models," PSE Working Papers halshs-02262202, HAL.
    20. Kihwan Kim & Norman Swanson, 2013. "Diffusion Index Model Specification and Estimation Using Mixed Frequency Datasets," Departmental Working Papers 201315, Rutgers University, Department of Economics.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:testjl:v:28:y:2019:i:2:d:10.1007_s11749-019-00651-9. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.