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Benchmarking regional innovative performance: composite measures and direct innovation counts

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  • Teemu Makkonen

    (University of Helsinki)

  • Robert P. Have

    (VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland
    Aalto University)

Abstract

There is a considerable amount of discussion, but still no consensus, about which indicator should be used to measure innovation. To participate in this debate, a unique innovation database, SFINNO, is introduced. Innovation counts from the database are used as the baseline, to which individual proxy indicators (patent- and research and development statistics) of innovation and innovation indexes, constructed here with principal component analysis, are compared. The local administrative units of Finland serve as the regional units benchmarked. The study results show that innovation is a complex phenomenon which cannot be entirely explained through the use of proxy statistics, as the linkages between innovation input- and output-indicators are fuzzy. We also show that the strength of these linkages varies by field of technology. Furthermore, different innovation measures produce highly divergent rankings when they are used as benchmarking tools of regional innovative performance. Although the produced innovation indexes perform slightly better, their superiority is marginal. Therefore, caution should be taken before drawing too drastic policy conclusions depending on a single measure of regional innovative performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Teemu Makkonen & Robert P. Have, 2013. "Benchmarking regional innovative performance: composite measures and direct innovation counts," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 94(1), pages 247-262, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:scient:v:94:y:2013:i:1:d:10.1007_s11192-012-0753-2
    DOI: 10.1007/s11192-012-0753-2
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    4. Roberto Ganau & Roberto Grandinetti, 2022. "La capacit? innovativa delle regioni: riflessioni sul nuovo "triangolo industriale"," ECONOMIA E SOCIET? REGIONALE, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 0(1), pages 105-125.
    5. Aldieri, Luigi & Makkonen, Teemu & Vinci, Concetto Paolo, 2022. "Do research and development and environmental knowledge spillovers facilitate meeting sustainable development goals for resource efficiency?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    6. Hauser, Christoph & Siller, Matthias & Schatzer, Thomas & Walde, Janette & Tappeiner, Gottfried, 2018. "Measuring regional innovation: A critical inspection of the ability of single indicators to shape technological change," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 43-55.
    7. Edquist , Charles & Zabala-Iturriagagoitia , Jon Mikel, 2015. "The Innovation Union Scoreboard is flawed: The Case of Sweden – not the innovation leader of the EU – updated version," Papers in Innovation Studies 2015/27, Lund University, CIRCLE - Centre for Innovation Research.
    8. Julia Cohen & Carina Marques & Joana Lameira & Maria José Sousa & Manuel Au-Yong-Oliveira, 2020. "The Interrelationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Strategic Innovation In Aveiro-based Startups," International Journal of Business Research and Management (IJBRM), Computer Science Journals (CSC Journals), vol. 11(3), pages 65-86, December.
    9. Dziallas, Marisa & Blind, Knut, 2019. "Innovation indicators throughout the innovation process: An extensive literature analysis," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 80, pages 3-29.
    10. Astrid Kander & Josef Taalbi & Juha Oksanen & Karolin Sjöö & Nina Rilla, 2019. "Innovation trends and industrial renewal in Finland and Sweden 1970–2013," Scandinavian Economic History Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 67(1), pages 47-70, January.
    11. Magdalena Kogut-Jaworska & Elżbieta Ociepa-Kicińska, 2023. "Do Regional Smart Specialization Strategies Affect Innovation in Enterprises?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-19, November.
    12. Mikhail Martynovich & Josef Taalbi, 2020. "Related variety, recombinant knowledge and regional innovation. Evidence for Sweden, 1991-2010," Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography (PEEG) 2015, Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Group Economic Geography, revised Mar 2020.
    13. Dziallas, Marisa, 2020. "How to evaluate innovative ideas and concepts at the front-end?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 502-518.
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    16. Ana Garcia-Bernabeu & José Manuel Cabello & Francisco Ruiz, 2020. "A Multi-Criteria Reference Point Based Approach for Assessing Regional Innovation Performance in Spain," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(5), pages 1-21, May.
    17. Ana Garcia-Bernabeu & Adolfo Hilario-Caballero & David Pla-Santamaria & Francisco Salas-Molina, 2020. "A Process Oriented MCDM Approach to Construct a Circular Economy Composite Index," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-14, January.
    18. Anna A. MIKHAYLOVA & Andrey S. MIKHAYLOV & Andrey S. MIKHAYLOV & Oksana V. SAVCHINA & Angelina P. PLOTNIKOVA, 2019. "Innovation Landscape Of The Baltic Region," REVISTA ADMINISTRATIE SI MANAGEMENT PUBLIC, Faculty of Administration and Public Management, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 2019(33), pages 165-180, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Innovation; Composite indicators; Patents; R&D; Regional innovative performance;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure
    • O30 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - General
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes

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