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Causal interactions among tourism, foreign direct investment, domestic credits, and economic growth: evidence from selected Mediterranean countries

Author

Listed:
  • Ayhan Tecel

    (Eastern Mediterranean University)

  • Salih Katircioğlu

    (Eastern Mediterranean University)

  • Elham Taheri

    (Eastern Mediterranean University)

  • Festus Victor Bekun

    (Istanbul Gelisim University
    South Ural State University)

Abstract

This study explores the nexus between tourism and economic growth in countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea while controlling for foreign direct investment and domestic credits as additional variables within a multivariate panel framework. Empirical evidence is based on annual data from 1995 to 2016 for a panel of 14 selected countries around the Mediterranean Sea region. The findings from the bootstrap panel cointegration test proposed by Westerlund (2007) confirm the long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables under inspection. Subsequently, the Panel Pooled Mean Group Autoregressive Distributed model (PMG-ARDL) estimations suggest positively significant relationships between tourism and economic growth both in short-term, and long-term periods. Thus, this study joins the group of studies that lend support to the tourism-led growth hypothesis. This result was further substantiated by the results of the Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) causality analysis, as feedback causality was observed between tourism and economic growth, while unidirectional causality was seen from foreign direct investment to economic growth. That is in support of the foreign direct investment-driven economic growth hypothesis. Strikingly, no causal relationship was observed between domestic credits and economic growth.

Suggested Citation

  • Ayhan Tecel & Salih Katircioğlu & Elham Taheri & Festus Victor Bekun, 2020. "Causal interactions among tourism, foreign direct investment, domestic credits, and economic growth: evidence from selected Mediterranean countries," Portuguese Economic Journal, Springer;Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestao, vol. 19(3), pages 195-212, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:portec:v:19:y:2020:i:3:d:10.1007_s10258-020-00181-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s10258-020-00181-5
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    Cited by:

    1. Jelson Serafim, 2021. "Financial deepening, Stock market, Inequality and Poverty: Some African Evidence," Working Papers REM 2021/0177, ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, REM, Universidade de Lisboa.
    2. Xi Wang & Bisharat Hussain Chang & Emmanuel Uche & Qianli Zhao, 2024. "The asymmetric effect of income and price changes on the consumption expenditures: evidence from G7 countries using nonlinear bounds testing approach," Portuguese Economic Journal, Springer;Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestao, vol. 23(1), pages 35-53, January.
    3. Setareh Shirkhani & Sami Fethi & Andrew Adewale Alola, 2021. "Tourism-Related Loans as a Driver of a Small Island Economy: A Case of Northern Cyprus," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-17, August.
    4. Destek, Mehmet Akif & Aydın, Sercan, 2021. "An Empirical Note on Tourism and Sustainable Development Nexus," MPRA Paper 114219, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Festus Victor Bekun & Toyo Amegnonna Marcel Dossou & Kayode Kolawole Eluwole & Taiwo Temitope Lasisi & Gizem Uzuner, 2023. "Tourism and the Mediterranean Experience Amidst Environmental Issues: Fresh Insights from Panel Analysis," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(5), pages 325-331, September.
    6. Saransh Royal & Namarta Kaushik & Ramesh Chander & Nirmala Chaudhary, 2023. "A Nexus between Sustainability, Openness, Development, and Urbanization: Panel Data Evidence from QUAD Nations," Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 3, pages 178-196.
    7. Ilhan Ozturk & Arshian Sharif & Danish Iqbal Godil & Adnan Yousuf & Iram Tahir, 2023. "The Dynamic Nexus Between International Tourism and Environmental Degradation in Top Twenty Tourist Destinations: New Insights From Quantile-on-Quantile Approach," Evaluation Review, , vol. 47(3), pages 532-562, June.
    8. Uktam Umurzakov & Shakhnoza Tosheva & Raufhon Salahodjaev, 2023. "Tourism and Sustainable Economic Development: Evidence from Belt and Road Countries," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 14(1), pages 503-516, March.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Tourism; FDI; Granger causality; Mediterranean region;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • L82 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Entertainment; Media

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