IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/prs/rvofce/ofce_0751-6614_2000_num_74_1_1604.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Allégements des charges sur les bas salaires

Author

Listed:
  • Jean-Paul Fitoussi

Abstract

[fre] On s'aperçoit, en passant en revue différents modèles théoriques, que les économistes de tout bord sont d'accord pour reconnaître l'utilité des aides à l'embauche. Dans un pays où les rémunérations les plus basses sont néanmoins relativement élevées, les aides à l'embauche ont pour effet d'abaisser le coût de la main-d 'œuvre pour les entreprises. Dans les pays où les rémunérations les plus basses sont faibles, les aides à l'embauche peuvent élever le salaire net réel des travailleurs. Dans les deux cas, on peut en attendre un effet positif sur l'emploi. En général, en permettant au système de prix de jouer son rôle sur le plan de la répartition, tout en poursuivant des objectifs de redistribution avec le système fiscal, on élève le niveau de bien-être. C'est pourquoi on peut s'étonner que ce type de mesure n 'ait pas été mis en œuvre à grande échelle dans tous les pays confrontés à des problèmes d'emploi. Sans doute faut-il en chercher la raison notamment dans un problème de transition : il y a un moment où les contribuables doivent financer à la fois l'ancien système (l'indemnisation du chômage) et le nouveau système (les aides à l'embauche), avant que celui-ci ait un effet notable sur le chômage. Les données empiriques tendent à montrer que la réduction des charges sociales ne permet pas de résoudre le problème d'emploi ni le problème de la répartition mais permet d'espérer des progrès, à long terme, sur ces deux plans. [eng] Payroll tax reductions for the low paid. Jean-Paul Fitoussi. A review of different theoretical models confirms that economists of opposing beliefs find themselves agreeing about the usefulness of employment subsidies. In a country with a relatively high wage floor, they reduce the cost of labour for firms. In countries where wage floors are low, subsidies can increase the net real wage of workers. In both cases, employment is likely to rise. Generally, allowing the price system to perform its allocative function while pursuing distributive objectives through the tax system is welfare enhancing. It is therefore surprising that such a remedy has not yet been implemented on a large scale in ail countries suffering from labour market problems. One reason is that there may be a problem of transition. Empirical evidence suggests that reductions in taxes on labour will not solve employment and distribution problems, but will, in the long run, promise progress in both.. JEL codes : H20, J30, J38.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Paul Fitoussi, 2000. "Allégements des charges sur les bas salaires," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 74(1), pages 33-51.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_2000_num_74_1_1604
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.2000.1604
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.2000.1604
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.3406/ofce.2000.1604
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.persee.fr/doc/ofce_0751-6614_2000_num_74_1_1604
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.3406/ofce.2000.1604?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dehez, Pierre & Fitoussi, Jean-Paul, 1996. "On Minimum Income, Qualification Structure and Salary Scale," LIDAM Discussion Papers IRES 1996009, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES).
    2. Fitoussi, Jean-Paul, 1994. "Wage Distribution and Unemployment: The French Experience," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 84(2), pages 59-64, May.
    3. Pierre Dehez & Jean-Paul Fitoussi, 1996. "Revenu minimum, allocations-chômage et subventions à l'emploi," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 47(1), pages 33-49.
    4. Pissarides, Christopher A., 1998. "The impact of employment tax cuts on unemployment and wages; The role of unemployment benefits and tax structure," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 155-183, January.
    5. Fleurbaey, M., 1998. "Employment Subsidies, Unemployment and Monopolistic Competition," Papers 9824, Paris X - Nanterre, U.F.R. de Sc. Ec. Gest. Maths Infor..
    6. Steven J. Davis & Magnus Henrekson, 1997. "Industrial Policy, Employer Size, and Economic Performance in Sweden," NBER Chapters, in: The Welfare State in Transition: Reforming the Swedish Model, pages 353-398, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/5652 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Phelps, Edmund S, 1994. "Low-Wage Employment Subsidies versus the Welfare State," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 84(2), pages 54-58, May.
    9. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/5901 is not listed on IDEAS
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Nadine Levratto & Aziza Garsaa & Luc Tessier, 2013. "To what extent do exemptions from social security contributions affect firm growth? New evidence using quantile estimations on panel data," Working Papers hal-00833049, HAL.
    2. Henri Sterdyniak, 2002. "Une arme miracle contre le chômage ? Fiche de lecture sur 'Une nouvelle évaluation des effets des allègements de charges sociales sur les bas salaires'," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-01017866, HAL.
    3. Henri Sterdyniak, 2002. "Une arme miracle contre le chômage ?: Une nouvelle évaluation des effets des allègements de charges sociales sur les bas salaires," Sciences Po publications info:hdl:2441/5271, Sciences Po.
    4. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/5271 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Aziza GARSAA & Nadine LEVRATTO & Luc TESSIER, 2015. "Do Exemptions From Social Security Contributions Affect Job Creation? New Empirical Evidence From French Overseas Regions," Region et Developpement, Region et Developpement, LEAD, Universite du Sud - Toulon Var, vol. 42, pages 79-104.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/5639 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Jean-Paul Fitoussi, 2000. "Payroll tax reductions for the low paid," Sciences Po publications info:hdl:2441/5572, Sciences Po.
    3. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/5572 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. repec:hal:wpspec:info:hdl:2441/5639 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. repec:spo:wpecon:info:hdl:2441/5639 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Jean-Paul Fitoussi, 2007. "Le rôle des institutions et des normes sociales dans la détermination des politiques économiques," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(3), pages 109-124.
    7. Jörg Lingens & Klaus Wälde, 2009. "Pareto-Improving Unemployment Policies," FinanzArchiv: Public Finance Analysis, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, vol. 65(2), pages 220-245, June.
    8. Oznur Ozdamar & Eleftherios Giovanis & Cansu Dağlıoğlu & Cemaleddin Gerede, 2021. "The effect of the 2008 employment support programme on young men’s labour market outcomes in Turkey: Evidence from a regression discontinuity design," Manchester School, University of Manchester, vol. 89(3), pages 276-296, June.
    9. Jean-Paul Fitoussi, 2005. "Politiche macroeconomiche e istituzioni : lezione 'Angelo Costa'," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-03459053, HAL.
    10. repec:hal:wpspec:info:hdl:2441/5572 is not listed on IDEAS
    11. repec:hal:wpspec:info:hdl:2441/4601 is not listed on IDEAS
    12. repec:spo:wpecon:info:hdl:2441/4601 is not listed on IDEAS
    13. repec:spo:wpecon:info:hdl:2441/5572 is not listed on IDEAS
    14. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/4601 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/4003 is not listed on IDEAS
    16. Adam, Antonis & Moutos, Thomas, 2011. "A politico-economic analysis of minimum wages and wage subsidies," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 110(3), pages 171-173, March.
    17. Wagener, Andreas, 2001. "Double Bertrand tax competition: a fiscal game with governments acting as middlemen," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(2-3), pages 273-297, April.
    18. Henrekson, Magnus & Johansson, Dan, 2010. "Firm Growth, Institutions and Structural Transformation," Ratio Working Papers 150, The Ratio Institute.
    19. Brown, Alessio J.G. & Merkl, Christian & Snower, Dennis J., 2011. "Comparing the effectiveness of employment subsidies," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(2), pages 168-179, April.
    20. Henrekson, Magnus & Johansson, Dan, 1999. "Institutional Effects on the Evolution of the Size Distribution of Firms," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 11-23, February.
    21. Chen, Yu-Fu & Funke, Michael, 2008. "Product market competition, investment and employment-abundant versus job-poor growth: A real options perspective," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 24(1), pages 218-238, March.
    22. Chen Yu-Fu & Funke Michael, 2004. "Working Time and Employment Under Uncertainty," Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics & Econometrics, De Gruyter, vol. 8(3), pages 1-23, September.
    23. Bertil Holmlund, 2002. "Labor Taxation in Search Equilibrium with Home Production," German Economic Review, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 3(4), pages 415-430, November.
    24. Dennis J. Snower & Alessio J. G. Brown & Christian Merkl, 2009. "Globalization and the Welfare State: A Review of Hans-Werner Sinn's Can Germany Be Saved?," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 47(1), pages 136-158, March.
    25. repec:dgr:rugccs:200409 is not listed on IDEAS
    26. Planas, Christophe & Roeger, Werner & Rossi, Alessandro, 2007. "How much has labour taxation contributed to European structural unemployment?," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 31(4), pages 1359-1375, April.
    27. Jan Boone & Peter Fredriksson & Bertil Holmlund & Jan C. van Ours, 2007. "Optimal Unemployment Insurance with Monitoring and Sanctions," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 117(518), pages 399-421, March.
    28. Männasoo, Kadri, 2022. "Working hours and gender wage differentials: Evidence from the American Working Conditions Survey," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    29. Hetschko, Clemens & Schöb, Ronnie & Wolf, Tobias, 2020. "Income support, employment transitions and well-being," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    30. K. Mc Morrow & W. Röger, 2002. "EU pension reform - An overview of the debate and an empirical assessment of the main policy reform options," European Economy - Economic Papers 2008 - 2015 162, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission.
    31. Girma, Sourafel & Görg, Holger & Strobl, Eric & Walsh, Frank, 2008. "Creating jobs through public subsidies: An empirical analysis," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 15(6), pages 1179-1199, December.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • H20 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - General
    • J30 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - General
    • J38 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Public Policy

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_2000_num_74_1_1604. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Equipe PERSEE (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.persee.fr/collection/ofce .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.