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Dynamiques d'adoption, coordination et diversité : la diffusion des standards technologiques

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  • Jean-Michel Dalle

Abstract

[fre] L'article critique, après avoir reconnu leur pertinence, certains modèles grâce auxquels l'économie du changement technique étudie la diffusion des innovations et des standards technologiques, en insistant sur ceux proposés par W.B. Arthur. Il propose alors une autre modélisation, associée à des processus aléatoires sur des réseaux ou champs de Gibbs. Il présente des résultats de simulation, dont la conclusion principale consiste à récuser le postulat de disparition de tous les stan­dards concurrents à l'exception d'un seul. Au contraire, les technologies survivent toutes éventuellement dans des niches, du fait de l'existence de phénomènes de coordination entre les décisions des agents et d'extemalités de réseau. Cette ana­lyse offre ainsi une compréhension différente de la dynamique des technologies. [eng] While acknowledging their relevance, the article criticizes some models used by modern economics of technical change to study the diffusion of technological innovations and standards, with a special emphasis on W.B. Arthur's Polya urns. Another class of models - stochastic network processes or Gibbs random fields - it suggested and simulation results are presented As major conclusion we are lead to reject the property of uniform lock-in on single technology Technologies all survive however sometimes only in niches due to coordination phenomena between agents decentralized decisions and network externalities We have thus made some new steps toward proper analysis of technological dynamics

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  • Jean-Michel Dalle, 1995. "Dynamiques d'adoption, coordination et diversité : la diffusion des standards technologiques," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 46(4), pages 1081-1098.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1995_num_46_4_409723
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1995.409723
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1995.409723
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paul David & Dominique Foray & Jean-Michel Dalle, 1998. "Marshallian Externalities And The Emergence And Spatial Stability Of Technological Enclaves," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 6(2-3), pages 147-182.
    2. Jacques-François Thisse & Yves Zenou, 1997. "Segmentation et marchés locaux du travail," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 131(5), pages 65-76.
    3. Boyer, Robert, 1998. "Evolution des modèles productifs et hybridation : géographie, histoire et théorie," CEPREMAP Working Papers (Couverture Orange) 9804, CEPREMAP.
    4. Jonathan Bainée, 2012. "Les opérateurs de mobilité électrique et la problématique de la diffusion du véhicule électrique (VE)," Post-Print hal-00980363, HAL.
    5. Carrillo-Hermosilla, Javier, 2006. "A policy approach to the environmental impacts of technological lock-in," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(4), pages 717-742, July.
    6. Antonelli, Cristiano, 1997. "The economics of path-dependence in industrial organization," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 15(6), pages 643-675, October.
    7. Julien Pénin, 2007. "Open Knowledge Disclosure: An Overview Of The Evidence And Economic Motivations," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 21(2), pages 326-347, April.
    8. Belleflamme, Paul, 1998. "Adoption of network technologies in oligopolies," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 415-444, July.
    9. Patrick Cohendet & Matthieu Farcot & Julien Pénin, 2009. "Intellectual property in a knowledge-based economy : Patents to include vs. patents to exclude," Working Papers of BETA 2009-15, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, UDS, Strasbourg.

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