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Internal and external restructuring over the cycle: a firm-based analysis of gross flows and productivity growth in Portugal

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  • Carlos Carreira
  • Paulino Teixeira

Abstract

This paper discusses the role played by internal restructuring vis-à-vis external restructuring in industry productivity growth, arguing that the contribution of these two components is expected to be sensitive to the economic cycle. The study describes gross flows (job and output) over a period of one decade, and analyses the productivity differential among continuing, entering and exiting firms in the Portuguese manufacturing sector. The results of the decomposition of industry productivity growth suggest that the share of external restructuring is stronger in recession, while internal restructuring seems to be predominant in expansion. The strong and positive contribution of the cleansing effect, in 1991-1994, was not followed by any passive learning effect of equivalent magnitude in the 1994-1997 sub-period. The active learning effect, measured by the within effect, is, as expected, stronger when output growth is at its peak, but in no case large enough to turn productivity growth procyclical.
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  • Carlos Carreira & Paulino Teixeira, 2008. "Internal and external restructuring over the cycle: a firm-based analysis of gross flows and productivity growth in Portugal," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 29(3), pages 211-220, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:jproda:v:29:y:2008:i:3:p:211-220
    DOI: 10.1007/s11123-007-0077-z
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    Cited by:

    1. Carreira, Carlos & Teixeira, Paulino, 2011. "Entry and exit as a source of aggregate productivity growth in two alternative technological regimes," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 22(2), pages 135-150, June.
    2. Jose Asturias & Sewon Hur & Timothy J. Kehoe & Kim J. Ruhl, 2023. "Firm Entry and Exit and Aggregate Growth," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 15(1), pages 48-105, January.
    3. Masayuki Morikawa, 2023. "Productivity and wages of firms using COVID‐19‐related support policies," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 104(3), pages 202-213, May.
    4. Morikawa, Masayuki, 2021. "Productivity of firms using relief policies during the COVID-19 crisis," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).
    5. Carlos Carreira & Paulino Teixeira, 2016. "Entry and exit in severe recessions: lessons from the 2008–2013 Portuguese economic crisis," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 46(4), pages 591-617, April.
    6. Carlos Carreira & Paulino Teixeira, 2011. "The shadow of death: analysing the pre-exit productivity of Portuguese manufacturing firms," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 36(3), pages 337-351, April.
    7. Carlos Carreira, 2013. "Learning, Exporting and Firm Productivity: Evidence from Portuguese Manufacturing and Services Firms," GEMF Working Papers 2013-23, GEMF, Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra.
    8. António B. Moniz, 2008. "The transformation of work? A quantitative evaluation of changes in work in Portugal," IET Working Papers Series 07/2008, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, IET/CICS.NOVA-Interdisciplinary Centre on Social Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology.
    9. Hyytinen, Ari & Maliranta, Mika, 2011. "Firm Lifecycles and External Restructuring," Discussion Papers 1253, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy.
    10. Carlos Carreira & Paulino Teixeira, 2016. "Entry and exit in severe recessions: lessons from the 2008–2013 Portuguese economic crisis," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 46(4), pages 591-617, April.
    11. MOTOHASHI Kazuyuki, 2021. "Productivity of Firms Using Relief Policies During the COVID-19 Crisis," Policy Discussion Papers 21006, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    12. Magalhaes, Manuela, 2020. "The impact of financial constraints on tradable and non-tradable R&D investments in Portugal," MPRA Paper 100348, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Silvia Muzi & Filip Jolevski & Kohei Ueda & Domenico Viganola, 2023. "Productivity and firm exit during the COVID-19 crisis: cross-country evidence," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 60(4), pages 1719-1760, April.
    14. Chilimoniuk-Przeździecka Eliza, 2011. "Offshoring in Business Services Sector Over the Business Cycle: A Case of Growth of the International Cooperation," Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia, Sciendo, vol. 10(1), pages 7-19, January.
    15. Sushanta K. MALLICK & Ricardo M. SOUSA, 2017. "The skill premium effect of technological change: New evidence from United States manufacturing," International Labour Review, International Labour Organization, vol. 156(1), pages 113-131, March.
    16. Carlos Carreira & Paulino Teixeira, 2010. "Does Schumpeterian Creative Destruction Lead to Higher Productivity? The effects of firms’ entry," GEMF Working Papers 2010-20, GEMF, Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Cleansing; Active and passive learning; Internal restructuring; External restructuring; Productivity growth; L60; L11; O47; O12;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L60 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - General
    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms
    • O47 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence
    • O12 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development

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