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CO 2 Emissions of Battery Electric Vehicles and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles

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  • Lucian-Ioan Dulău

    (Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu 38, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania)

Abstract

During the last few years, electric and hydrogen vehicles have become an alternative to cars that use internal combustion engines. The number of electric and hydrogen vehicles sold has increased due to support from local governments and because car manufacturers will stop the production of internal combustion engines in the near future. The emissions of these vehicles while being driven are zero, but they still have an impact on the environment due to their fuel. In this article, an analysis of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions for two types of vehicles: battery electric vehicles (BEVs) powered by electricity and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) powered by hydrogen, is presented. The analysis considers different values for the mix of power generation and hydrogen production options in comparison to other studies. The CO 2 emissions were calculated and compared for the two types of vehicles. The results show that the CO 2 emissions of BEVs are lower when compared to FCEVs if the hydrogen is obtained from pollutant sources and is higher if the hydrogen is obtained from nuclear power and renewable energy sources. When compared to conventional combustion engine vehicles, BEVs have lower CO 2 emissions, while the emissions of FCEVs are dependent on the hydrogen production method.

Suggested Citation

  • Lucian-Ioan Dulău, 2023. "CO 2 Emissions of Battery Electric Vehicles and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 5(2), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jcltec:v:5:y:2023:i:2:p:35-712:d:1161441
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    References listed on IDEAS

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