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Effect of Battery Electric Vehicles on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in 29 European Union Countries

Author

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  • José Alberto Fuinhas

    (Centre for Business and Economics Research, Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra, 3004-512 Coimbra, Portugal)

  • Matheus Koengkan

    (Departamento de Economia, Gestão, Engenharia Industrial e Turismo, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal)

  • Nuno Carlos Leitão

    (Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Center for Advanced Studies in Management and Economics, Évora University, 7000-812 Évora, Portugal
    Center for African and Development Studies, Lisbon University, 1200-781 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Chinazaekpere Nwani

    (Department of Economics and Development Studies, Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki 1010, Nigeria)

  • Gizem Uzuner

    (Department of Economics and Finance, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul 34310, Turkey)

  • Fatemeh Dehdar

    (Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra, 3004-512 Coimbra, Portugal
    Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

  • Stefania Relva

    (Department of Power Engineering and Electrical Automation (PEA) (POLI), University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-010, Brazil)

  • Drielli Peyerl

    (Institute of Energy and Environment, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil)

Abstract

This analysis explored the effect of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) on greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) in a panel of twenty-nine countries from the European Union (EU) from 2010 to 2020. The method of moments quantile regression (MM-QR) was used, and the ordinary least squares with fixed effects (OLSfe) was used to verify the robustness of the results. The MM-QR support that in all three quantiles, economic growth causes a positive impact on GHGs. In the 50th and 75th quantiles, energy consumption causes a positive effect on GHGs. BEVs in the 25th, 50th, and 75th quantiles have a negative impact on GHGs. The OLSfe reveals that economic growth has a negative effect on GHGs, which contradicts the results from MM-QR. Energy consumption positively impacts GHGs. BEVs negatively impacts GHGs. Although the EU has supported a more sustainable transport system, accelerating the adoption of BEVs still requires effective political planning to achieve net-zero emissions. Thus, BEVs are an important technology to reduce GHGs to achieve the EU targets of decarbonising the energy sector. This research topic can open policy discussion between industry, government, and researchers, towards ensuring that BEVs provide a climate change mitigation pathway in the EU region.

Suggested Citation

  • José Alberto Fuinhas & Matheus Koengkan & Nuno Carlos Leitão & Chinazaekpere Nwani & Gizem Uzuner & Fatemeh Dehdar & Stefania Relva & Drielli Peyerl, 2021. "Effect of Battery Electric Vehicles on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in 29 European Union Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-26, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:24:p:13611-:d:698634
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