IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/reveco/v69y2020icp189-208.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Co-movement across european stock and real estate markets

Author

Listed:
  • Abuzayed, Bana
  • Al-Fayoumi, Nedal
  • Bouri, Elie

Abstract

This study questions the reliability of securitized real estate investment trusts (REITs) for reducing risk in European stock investment portfolio during the global and European crisis periods. It considers co-movement and portfolio management by analyzing the time-varying correlation, hedging ratios, and portfolio weights. Using daily data from January 6, 2003 to April 11, 2018, the results show significant shift in correlation coefficients between the two assets under financial and economic stress. Consequently, potential diversification benefits appear limited when investing across REITs and stock markets. During crisis periods, investors are subject to a high cost for rebalancing their positions in REITs to mitigate stock portfolio risk. Further analyses confirm the inability of REITs to play hedge and safe-haven roles against stock market downturns. Our findings provide useful insights for investors and portfolio managers to formulate trading strategies, determine asset allocation, and assemble optimal portfolios.

Suggested Citation

  • Abuzayed, Bana & Al-Fayoumi, Nedal & Bouri, Elie, 2020. "Co-movement across european stock and real estate markets," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 189-208.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:reveco:v:69:y:2020:i:c:p:189-208
    DOI: 10.1016/j.iref.2020.05.010
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1059056020300940
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.iref.2020.05.010?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. John Knight & Colin Lizieri & Stephen Satchell, 2005. "Diversification When It Hurts? The Joint Distributions of Real Estate and Equity Markets," Real Estate & Planning Working Papers rep-wp2005-16, Henley Business School, University of Reading.
    2. Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Ferrer, Román & Ballester, Laura & Umar, Zaghum, 2017. "Risk transmission between Islamic and conventional stock markets: A return and volatility spillover analysis," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 9-26.
    3. Jiang, Yonghong & Fu, Yuyuan & Ruan, Weihua, 2019. "Risk spillovers and portfolio management between precious metal and BRICS stock markets," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 534(C).
    4. Tsuji, Chikashi, 2018. "New DCC analyses of return transmission, volatility spillovers, and optimal hedging among oil futures and oil equities in oil-producing countries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 1202-1217.
    5. Yen-Hsien Lee, 2014. "An international analysis of REITs and stock portfolio management based on dynamic conditional correlation models," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 28(2), pages 165-180, May.
    6. Lorenzo Cappiello & Robert F. Engle & Kevin Sheppard, 2006. "Asymmetric Dynamics in the Correlations of Global Equity and Bond Returns," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 4(4), pages 537-572.
    7. Xiyong Dong & Seong‐Min Yoon, 2018. "Structural breaks, dynamic correlations, and hedge and safe havens for stock and foreign exchange markets in Greater China," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(10), pages 2783-2803, October.
    8. Dirk G. Baur & Brian M. Lucey, 2010. "Is Gold a Hedge or a Safe Haven? An Analysis of Stocks, Bonds and Gold," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 45(2), pages 217-229, May.
    9. Hui, Eddie Chi-man & Chan, Ka Kwan Kevin, 2014. "The global financial crisis: Is there any contagion between real estate and equity markets?," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 405(C), pages 216-225.
    10. Dimitriou, Dimitrios & Kenourgios, Dimitris, 2013. "Financial crises and dynamic linkages among international currencies," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 319-332.
    11. Sensoy, Ahmet & Hacihasanoglu, Erk & Nguyen, Duc Khuong, 2015. "Dynamic convergence of commodity futures: Not all types of commodities are alike," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 150-160.
    12. Kanas, Angelos, 2014. "Bond futures, inflation-indexed bonds, and inflation risk premium," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 82-99.
    13. Glosten, Lawrence R & Jagannathan, Ravi & Runkle, David E, 1993. "On the Relation between the Expected Value and the Volatility of the Nominal Excess Return on Stocks," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 48(5), pages 1779-1801, December.
    14. Tien Foo Sing & Zhuang Yao Tan, 2013. "Time‐varying correlations between stock and direct real estate returns," Journal of Property Investment & Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 31(2), pages 179-195, March.
    15. Junttila, Juha & Pesonen, Juho & Raatikainen, Juhani, 2018. "Commodity market based hedging against stock market risk in times of financial crisis: The case of crude oil and gold," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 255-280.
    16. Wasim Ahmad & N.R. Bhanumurthy & Sanjay Sehgal, 2014. "The Eurozone crisis and its contagion effects on the European stock markets," Studies in Economics and Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 31(3), pages 325-352, July.
    17. Chkili, Walid, 2016. "Dynamic correlations and hedging effectiveness between gold and stock markets: Evidence for BRICS countries," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 22-34.
    18. Kenourgios, Dimitris, 2014. "On financial contagion and implied market volatility," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 21-30.
    19. Coudert, Virginie & Gex, Mathieu, 2010. "Contagion inside the credit default swaps market: The case of the GM and Ford crisis in 2005," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 109-134, April.
    20. Gian Piero Aielli, 2013. "Dynamic Conditional Correlation: On Properties and Estimation," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(3), pages 282-299, July.
    21. Alexakis, Christos & Pappas, Vasileios, 2018. "Sectoral dynamics of financial contagion in Europe - The cases of the recent crises episodes," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 222-239.
    22. Antonakakis, Nikolaos, 2012. "Exchange return co-movements and volatility spillovers before and after the introduction of euro," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 22(5), pages 1091-1109.
    23. Christos Alexakis & Vasileios Pappas, 2018. "Sectoral dynamics of financial contagion in Europe - The cases of the recent crises episodes," Post-Print hal-01992102, HAL.
    24. Eddie C.M. Hui & Ka Kwan Kevin Chan, 2013. "The European sovereign debt crisis: contagion across European real estate markets," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(2), pages 87-102, June.
    25. Iqbal, Javed, 2017. "Does gold hedge stock market, inflation and exchange rate risks? An econometric investigation," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 1-17.
    26. Gad, Samar & Andrikopoulos, Panagiotis, 2019. "Diversification benefits of Shari'ah compliant equity ETFs in emerging markets," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 133-144.
    27. Kočenda, Evžen & Moravcová, Michala, 2019. "Exchange rate comovements, hedging and volatility spillovers on new EU forex markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 42-64.
    28. Guesmi, Khaled & Saadi, Samir & Abid, Ilyes & Ftiti, Zied, 2019. "Portfolio diversification with virtual currency: Evidence from bitcoin," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 431-437.
    29. Sadorsky, Perry, 2014. "Modeling volatility and correlations between emerging market stock prices and the prices of copper, oil and wheat," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 72-81.
    30. Heaney, Richard & Sriananthakumar, Sivagowry, 2012. "Time-varying correlation between stock market returns and real estate returns," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 19(4), pages 583-594.
    31. Gupta, Rakesh & Guidi, Francesco, 2012. "Cointegration relationship and time varying co-movements among Indian and Asian developed stock markets," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 10-22.
    32. Engle, Robert F, 1982. "Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity with Estimates of the Variance of United Kingdom Inflation," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(4), pages 987-1007, July.
    33. Jian Yang & Yinggang Zhou & Wai Leung, 2012. "Asymmetric Correlation and Volatility Dynamics among Stock, Bond, and Securitized Real Estate Markets," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 45(2), pages 491-521, August.
    34. Roger G. Ibbotson & Laurence B. Siegel, 1984. "Real Estate Returns: A Comparison with Other Investments," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 12(3), pages 219-242, September.
    35. Dua, Pami & Tuteja, Divya, 2016. "Financial crises and dynamic linkages across international stock and currency markets," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 249-261.
    36. J. Sa‐Aadu & James Shilling & Ashish Tiwari, 2010. "On the Portfolio Properties of Real Estate in Good Times and Bad Times1," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 38(3), pages 529-565, September.
    37. Kroner, Kenneth F. & Sultan, Jahangir, 1993. "Time-Varying Distributions and Dynamic Hedging with Foreign Currency Futures," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 28(4), pages 535-551, December.
    38. Huang, MeiChi & Wu, Chih-Chiang & Liu, Shih-Min & Wu, Chang-Che, 2016. "Facts or fates of investors' losses during crises? Evidence from REIT-stock volatility and tail dependence structures," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 54-71.
    39. Hui, Eddie C.M. & Chen, Jia & Chan, Ka Kwan Kevin, 2016. "Are international securitized property markets converging or diverging?," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 446(C), pages 1-10.
    40. Dilek Pekdemir, 2015. "European Real Estate Markets Comparison," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Gianluca Mattarocci & Dilek Pekdemir (ed.), European Real Estate, chapter 1, pages 5-42, Palgrave Macmillan.
    41. repec:ipg:wpaper:2014-549 is not listed on IDEAS
    42. John Knight & Colin Lizieri & Stephen Satchell, 2005. "Diversification when It Hurts? The Joint Distributions of Real Estate and Equity Markets1," Journal of Property Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(4), pages 309-323, December.
    43. Engle, Robert, 2002. "Dynamic Conditional Correlation: A Simple Class of Multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity Models," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 20(3), pages 339-350, July.
    44. Kim Hiang Liow, 2012. "Co‐movements and Correlations Across Asian Securitized Real Estate and Stock Markets," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 40(1), pages 97-129, March.
    45. Kroner, Kenneth F & Ng, Victor K, 1998. "Modeling Asymmetric Comovements of Asset Returns," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 11(4), pages 817-844.
    46. Elie Bouri & Naji Jalkh & Peter Molnár & David Roubaud, 2017. "Bitcoin for energy commodities before and after the December 2013 crash: diversifier, hedge or safe haven?," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(50), pages 5063-5073, October.
    47. John Knight & Colin Lizieri & Stephen Satchell, 2005. "Diversification When It Hurts? The Joint Distributions of Property and Other Asset Classes," ERES eres2005_228, European Real Estate Society (ERES).
    48. Mollah, Sabur & Quoreshi, A.M.M. Shahiduzzaman & Zafirov, Goran, 2016. "Equity market contagion during global financial and Eurozone crises: Evidence from a dynamic correlation analysis," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 151-167.
    49. Pedro Pires Ribeiro & José Dias Curto, 2017. "Volatility spillover effects in interbank money markets," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 153(1), pages 105-136, February.
    50. Gianluca Mattarocci & Dilek Pekdemir (ed.), 2015. "European Real Estate," Palgrave Macmillan Books, Palgrave Macmillan, number 978-1-137-43612-2.
    51. Aktham Maghyereh & Basel Awartani & Abul Hassan, 2018. "Can gold be used as a hedge against the risks of Sharia-compliant securities? Application for Islamic portfolio management," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 19(6), pages 394-412, October.
    52. Agyei-Ampomah, Sam & Gounopoulos, Dimitrios & Mazouz, Khelifa, 2014. "Does gold offer a better protection against losses in sovereign debt bonds than other metals?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 507-521.
    53. Kang, Sang Hoon & McIver, Ron & Yoon, Seong-Min, 2017. "Dynamic spillover effects among crude oil, precious metal, and agricultural commodity futures markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 19-32.
    54. Chkili, Walid & Aloui, Chaker & Nguyen, Duc Khuong, 2014. "Instabilities in the relationships and hedging strategies between crude oil and US stock markets: Do long memory and asymmetry matter?," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 354-366.
    55. Alexakis, Panayotis D. & Kenourgios, Dimitris & Dimitriou, Dimitrios, 2016. "On emerging stock market contagion: The Baltic region," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 312-321.
    56. Nafeesa Yunus, 2018. "Transmission of shocks across global real estate and equity markets: An examination of the 2007–2008 housing crisis," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(36), pages 3899-3922, August.
    57. Ahmet Sensoy, 2016. "Impact of sovereign rating changes on stock market co-movements: the case of Latin America," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(28), pages 2600-2610, June.
    58. Kateryna Anatoliyevna Kopyl & John Byong-Tek Lee, 2016. "How safe are the safe haven assets?," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 30(4), pages 453-482, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Kim Hiang Liow, 2022. "Exploring a Three-Factor Dependence Structure of Conditional Volatilities: Some Quantile Regression Evidence from Real Estate Investment Trusts," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-13, May.
    2. Yousaf, Imran & Beljid, Makram & Chaibi, Anis & Ajlouni, Ahmed AL, 2022. "Do volatility spillover and hedging among GCC stock markets and global factors vary from normal to turbulent periods? Evidence from the global financial crisis and Covid-19 pandemic crisis," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    3. Kola Ijasan & Peterson Owusu Junior & George Tweneboah & Tunbosun Oyedokun & Anokye M. Adam, 2021. "Analysing the relationship between global REITs and exchange rates: Fresh evidence from frequency-based quantile regressions," Advances in Decision Sciences, Asia University, Taiwan, vol. 25(3), pages 58-91, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Morema, Kgotso & Bonga-Bonga, Lumengo, 2018. "The impact of oil and gold price fluctuations on the South African equity market: volatility spillovers and implications for portfolio management," MPRA Paper 87637, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Mohamed Yousfi & Abderrazak Dhaoui & Houssam Bouzgarrou, 2021. "Risk Spillover during the COVID-19 Global Pandemic and Portfolio Management," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-29, May.
    3. Martin Hoesli & Kustrim Reka, 2013. "Volatility Spillovers, Comovements and Contagion in Securitized Real Estate Markets," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 47(1), pages 1-35, July.
    4. Tsuji, Chikashi, 2020. "Correlation and spillover effects between the US and international banking sectors: New evidence and implications for risk management," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    5. Akhtaruzzaman, Md & Boubaker, Sabri & Lucey, Brian M. & Sensoy, Ahmet, 2021. "Is gold a hedge or a safe-haven asset in the COVID–19 crisis?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    6. Al-Yahyaee, Khamis Hamed & Mensi, Walid & Sensoy, Ahmet & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2019. "Energy, precious metals, and GCC stock markets: Is there any risk spillover?," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 45-70.
    7. McIver, Ron P. & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2020. "Financial crises and the dynamics of the spillovers between the U.S. and BRICS stock markets," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    8. Alexakis, Christos & Pappas, Vasileios, 2018. "Sectoral dynamics of financial contagion in Europe - The cases of the recent crises episodes," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 222-239.
    9. Abuzayed, Bana & Al-Fayoumi, Nedal & Bouri, Elie, 2022. "Hedging UK stock portfolios with gold and oil: The impact of Brexit," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    10. Wajdi Hamma & Ahmed Ghorbel & Anis Jarboui, 2021. "Hedging Islamic and conventional stock markets with other financial assets: comparison between competing DCC models on hedging effectiveness," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 22(3), pages 179-199, May.
    11. Ahmad, Wasim & Sadorsky, Perry & Sharma, Amit, 2018. "Optimal hedge ratios for clean energy equities," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 278-295.
    12. Sang Hoon Kang & Ron McIver & Seong-Min Yoon, 2016. "Modeling Time-Varying Correlations in Volatility Between BRICS and Commodity Markets," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(7), pages 1698-1723, July.
    13. Kang, Sang Hoon & McIver, Ron & Yoon, Seong-Min, 2017. "Dynamic spillover effects among crude oil, precious metal, and agricultural commodity futures markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 19-32.
    14. Morema, Kgotso & Bonga-Bonga, Lumengo, 2020. "The impact of oil and gold price fluctuations on the South African equity market: Volatility spillovers and financial policy implications," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    15. Guhathakurta, Kousik & Dash, Saumya Ranjan & Maitra, Debasish, 2020. "Period specific volatility spillover based connectedness between oil and other commodity prices and their portfolio implications," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    16. Jin, Jiayu & Han, Liyan & Wu, Lei & Zeng, Hongchao, 2020. "The hedging effectiveness of global sectors in emerging and developed stock markets," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 92-117.
    17. Tehrani , Reza & Veisizadeh , Vahid, 2021. "Dynamic Cross Hedging Effectiveness between Gold and Stock Market Based on Downside Risk Measures: Evidence from Iran Emerging Capital Market," Journal of Money and Economy, Monetary and Banking Research Institute, Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran, vol. 16(1), pages 43-70, March.
    18. Khalfaoui, Rabeh, 2018. "Oil–gold time varying nexus: A time–frequency analysis," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 503(C), pages 86-104.
    19. Dong, Xiyong & Li, Changhong & Yoon, Seong-Min, 2021. "How can investors build a better portfolio in small open economies? Evidence from Asia’s Four Little Dragons," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    20. Mensi, Walid & Hernandez, Jose Arroeola & Yoon, Seong-Min & Vo, Xuan Vinh & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2021. "Spillovers and connectedness between major precious metals and major currency markets: The role of frequency factor," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Stocks; Europe; Hedging ratio; Portfolio diversification; Safe haven;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:reveco:v:69:y:2020:i:c:p:189-208. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/620165 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.