IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/phsmap/v451y2016icp429-439.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The relationship between carbon dioxide emission and economic growth: Hierarchical structure methods

Author

Listed:
  • Deviren, Seyma Akkaya
  • Deviren, Bayram

Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emission has an essential role in the current debate on sustainable development and environmental protection. CO2 emission is also directly linked with use of energy which plays a focal role both for production and consumption in the world economy. Therefore the relationship between the CO2 emission and economic growth has a significant implication for the environmental and economical policies. In this study, within the scope of sociophysics, the topology, taxonomy and relationships among the 33 countries, which have almost the high CO2 emission and economic growth values, are investigated by using the hierarchical structure methods, such as the minimal spanning tree (MST) and hierarchical tree (HT), over the period of 1970–2010. The average linkage cluster analysis (ALCA) is also used to examine the cluster structure more clearly in HTs. According to their proximity, economic ties and economic growth, different clusters of countries are identified from the structural topologies of these trees. We have found that the high income & OECD countries are closely connected to each other and are isolated from the upper middle and lower middle income countries from the MSTs, which are obtained both for the CO2 emission and economic growth. Moreover, the high income & OECD clusters are homogeneous with respect to the economic activities and economic ties of the countries. It is also mentioned that the Group of Seven (G7) countries (CAN, ENG, FRA, GER, ITA, JPN, USA) are connected to each other and these countries are located at the center of the MST for the results of CO2 emission. The same analysis may also successfully apply to the other environmental sources and different countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Deviren, Seyma Akkaya & Deviren, Bayram, 2016. "The relationship between carbon dioxide emission and economic growth: Hierarchical structure methods," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 451(C), pages 429-439.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:451:y:2016:i:c:p:429-439
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2016.01.085
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378437116001497
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only. Journal offers the option of making the article available online on Science direct for a fee of $3,000
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.physa.2016.01.085?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Miccichè, Salvatore & Bonanno, Giovanni & Lillo, Fabrizio & N. Mantegna, Rosario, 2003. "Degree stability of a minimum spanning tree of price return and volatility," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 324(1), pages 66-73.
    2. R. Mantegna, 1999. "Hierarchical structure in financial markets," The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer;EDP Sciences, vol. 11(1), pages 193-197, September.
    3. Tabak, Benjamin M. & Serra, Thiago R. & Cajueiro, Daniel O., 2009. "The expectation hypothesis of interest rates and network theory: The case of Brazil," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 388(7), pages 1137-1149.
    4. Garas, Antonios & Argyrakis, Panos, 2007. "Correlation study of the Athens Stock Exchange," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 380(C), pages 399-410.
    5. Juan Gabriel Brida & W. Adrian Risso, 2009. "Dynamic and Structure of the Italian stock market based on returns and volume trading," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 29(3), pages 2417-2423.
    6. Cowan, Wendy N. & Chang, Tsangyao & Inglesi-Lotz, Roula & Gupta, Rangan, 2014. "The nexus of electricity consumption, economic growth and CO2 emissions in the BRICS countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 359-368.
    7. Coelho, R. & Hutzler, S. & Repetowicz, P. & Richmond, P., 2007. "Sector analysis for a FTSE portfolio of stocks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 373(C), pages 615-626.
    8. Acaravci, Ali & Ozturk, Ilhan, 2010. "On the relationship between energy consumption, CO2 emissions and economic growth in Europe," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 5412-5420.
    9. Ozturk, Ilhan & Acaravci, Ali, 2010. "CO2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth in Turkey," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(9), pages 3220-3225, December.
    10. Salim, Ruhul A. & Shafiei, Sahar, 2014. "Urbanization and renewable and non-renewable energy consumption in OECD countries: An empirical analysis," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 581-591.
    11. Lotfalipour, Mohammad Reza & Falahi, Mohammad Ali & Ashena, Malihe, 2010. "Economic growth, CO2 emissions, and fossil fuels consumption in Iran," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 5115-5120.
    12. Keskin, Mustafa & Deviren, Bayram & Kocakaplan, Yusuf, 2011. "Topology of the correlation networks among major currencies using hierarchical structure methods," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 390(4), pages 719-730.
    13. Giovanni Bonanno & Nicolas Vandewalle & Rosario N. Mantegna, 2000. "Taxonomy of Stock Market Indices," Papers cond-mat/0001268, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2000.
    14. Sensoy, Ahmet & Tabak, Benjamin M., 2014. "Dynamic spanning trees in stock market networks: The case of Asia-Pacific," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 414(C), pages 387-402.
    15. Yiting Zhang & Gladys Hui Ting Lee & Jian Cheng Wong & Jun Liang Kok & Manamohan Prusty & Siew Ann Cheong, 2010. "Will the US Economy Recover in 2010? A Minimal Spanning Tree Study," Papers 1009.5800, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2010.
    16. Ulusoy, Tolga & Keskin, Mustafa & Shirvani, Ayoub & Deviren, Bayram & Kantar, Ersin & Çaǧrı Dönmez, Cem, 2012. "Complexity of major UK companies between 2006 and 2010: Hierarchical structure method approach," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(21), pages 5121-5131.
    17. Tumminello, Michele & Lillo, Fabrizio & Mantegna, Rosario N., 2010. "Correlation, hierarchies, and networks in financial markets," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 75(1), pages 40-58, July.
    18. Kantar, Ersin & Keskin, Mustafa, 2013. "The relationships between electricity consumption and GDP in Asian countries, using hierarchical structure methods," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 392(22), pages 5678-5684.
    19. Jang, Wooseok & Lee, Junghoon & Chang, Woojin, 2011. "Currency crises and the evolution of foreign exchange market: Evidence from minimum spanning tree," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 390(4), pages 707-718.
    20. Shafiei, Sahar & Salim, Ruhul A., 2014. "Non-renewable and renewable energy consumption and CO2 emissions in OECD countries: A comparative analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 547-556.
    21. Pawe{l} Sieczka & Janusz A. Ho{l}yst, 2008. "Correlations in commodity markets," Papers 0803.3884, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2009.
    22. Wang, Gang-Jin & Xie, Chi, 2015. "Correlation structure and dynamics of international real estate securities markets: A network perspective," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 424(C), pages 176-193.
    23. G. Bonanno & G. Caldarelli & F. Lillo & S. Micciché & N. Vandewalle & R. Mantegna, 2004. "Networks of equities in financial markets," The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer;EDP Sciences, vol. 38(2), pages 363-371, March.
    24. B. M. Tabak & T. R. Serra & D. O. Cajueiro, 2010. "Topological properties of commodities networks," The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer;EDP Sciences, vol. 74(2), pages 243-249, March.
    25. Kantar, Ersin & Deviren, Bayram & Keskin, Mustafa, 2011. "Hierarchical structure of Turkey’s foreign trade," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 390(20), pages 3454-3476.
    26. Djauhari, Maman Abdurachman & Gan, Siew Lee, 2015. "Optimality problem of network topology in stocks market analysis," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 419(C), pages 108-114.
    27. E. Kantar & B. Deviren & M. Keskin, 2011. "Investigation of major international and Turkish companies via hierarchical methods and bootstrap approach," The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer;EDP Sciences, vol. 84(2), pages 339-350, November.
    28. Gilmore, Claire G. & Lucey, Brian M. & Boscia, Marian, 2008. "An ever-closer union? Examining the evolution of linkages of European equity markets via minimum spanning trees," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 387(25), pages 6319-6329.
    29. Zhang, Yiting & Lee, Gladys Hui Ting & Wong, Jian Cheng & Kok, Jun Liang & Prusty, Manamohan & Cheong, Siew Ann, 2011. "Will the US economy recover in 2010? A minimal spanning tree study," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 390(11), pages 2020-2050.
    30. Park, JaeHyun & Hong, TaeHoon, 2013. "Analysis of South Korea’s economic growth, carbon dioxide emission, and energy consumption using the Markov switching model," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 543-551.
    31. Coelho, Ricardo & Gilmore, Claire G. & Lucey, Brian & Richmond, Peter & Hutzler, Stefan, 2007. "The evolution of interdependence in world equity markets—Evidence from minimum spanning trees," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 376(C), pages 455-466.
    32. Sieczka, Paweł & Hołyst, Janusz A., 2009. "Correlations in commodity markets," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 388(8), pages 1621-1630.
    33. Mizuno, Takayuki & Takayasu, Hideki & Takayasu, Misako, 2006. "Correlation networks among currencies," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 364(C), pages 336-342.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Fang, Guochang & Tian, Lixin & Fu, Min & Sun, Mei & He, Yu & Lu, Longxi, 2018. "How to promote the development of energy-saving and emission-reduction with changing economic growth rate—A case study of China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 732-745.
    2. Jianguo Zhou & Baoling Jin & Shijuan Du & Ping Zhang, 2018. "Scenario Analysis of Carbon Emissions of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-17, June.
    3. Kantar, Ersin & Aslan, Alper & Deviren, Bayram & Keskin, Mustafa, 2016. "Hierarchical structure of the countries based on electricity consumption and economic growth," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 454(C), pages 1-10.
    4. Danish I. Godil & Zhang Yu & Arshian Sharif & Rimsha Usman & Syed Abdul Rehman Khan, 2021. "Investigate the role of technology innovation and renewable energy in reducing transport sector CO2 emission in China: A path toward sustainable development," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(4), pages 694-707, July.
    5. Zeitsch, Peter J., 2019. "A jump model for credit default swaps with hierarchical clustering," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 524(C), pages 737-775.
    6. Ekundayo P. Mesagan & Wakeel A. Isola & Kazeem B. Ajide, 2019. "The capital investment channel of environmental improvement: evidence from BRICS," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 1561-1582, August.
    7. Vujović, Tanja & Petković, Zdravka & Pavlović, Miloš & Jović, Srdjan, 2018. "Economic growth based in carbon dioxide emission intensity," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 506(C), pages 179-185.
    8. Peter Sinka & Peter J. Zeitsch, 2022. "Hedge Effectiveness of the Credit Default Swap Indices: a Spectral Decomposition and Network Topology Analysis," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 60(4), pages 1375-1412, December.
    9. Li, Wei & Sun, Wen & Li, Guomin & Jin, Baihui & Wu, Wen & Cui, Pengfei & Zhao, Guohao, 2018. "Transmission mechanism between energy prices and carbon emissions using geographically weighted regression," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 434-442.
    10. Hongze Li & Bingkang Li & Hao Lu, 2017. "Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Economic Growth, and Selected Types of Fossil Energy Consumption in China: Empirical Evidence from 1965 to 2015," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-14, April.
    11. Seyfettin Erdo an & Durmu a r Y ld r m & Ayfer Gedikli, 2019. "Investigation of Causality Analysis between Economic Growth and CO2 Emissions: The Case of BRICS T Countries," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 9(6), pages 430-438.
    12. Zhou, Kaile & Li, Yiwen, 2019. "Influencing factors and fluctuation characteristics of China’s carbon emission trading price," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 524(C), pages 459-474.
    13. Dinah Quacoe & Yusheng Kong & Daniel Quacoe, 2023. "Analysis of How Green Growth and Entrepreneurship Affect Sustainable Development: Application of the Quintuple Helix Innovation Model in the African Context," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-19, January.
    14. Abdul Rehman & Hengyun Ma & Ilhan Ozturk & Muntasir Murshed & Vishal Dagar, 2021. "The dynamic impacts of CO2 emissions from different sources on Pakistan’s economic progress: a roadmap to sustainable development," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(12), pages 17857-17880, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gautier Marti & Frank Nielsen & Miko{l}aj Bi'nkowski & Philippe Donnat, 2017. "A review of two decades of correlations, hierarchies, networks and clustering in financial markets," Papers 1703.00485, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2020.
    2. Kazemilari, Mansooreh & Mardani, Abbas & Streimikiene, Dalia & Zavadskas, Edmundas Kazimieras, 2017. "An overview of renewable energy companies in stock exchange: Evidence from minimal spanning tree approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(PA), pages 107-117.
    3. Kantar, Ersin & Keskin, Mustafa, 2013. "The relationships between electricity consumption and GDP in Asian countries, using hierarchical structure methods," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 392(22), pages 5678-5684.
    4. Djauhari, Maman Abdurachman & Gan, Siew Lee, 2015. "Optimality problem of network topology in stocks market analysis," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 419(C), pages 108-114.
    5. Sandoval, Leonidas & Franca, Italo De Paula, 2012. "Correlation of financial markets in times of crisis," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(1), pages 187-208.
    6. Leonidas Sandoval Junior & Italo De Paula Franca, 2011. "Correlation of financial markets in times of crisis," Papers 1102.1339, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2011.
    7. Kazemilari, Mansooreh & Djauhari, Maman Abdurachman, 2015. "Correlation network analysis for multi-dimensional data in stocks market," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 429(C), pages 62-75.
    8. Lee, Junghoon & Youn, Janghyuk & Chang, Woojin, 2012. "Intraday volatility and network topological properties in the Korean stock market," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(4), pages 1354-1360.
    9. Leonidas Sandoval Junior, 2011. "A Map of the Brazilian Stock Market," Papers 1107.4146, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2013.
    10. Marcin Wk{a}torek & Stanis{l}aw Dro.zd.z & Jaros{l}aw Kwapie'n & Ludovico Minati & Pawe{l} O'swik{e}cimka & Marek Stanuszek, 2020. "Multiscale characteristics of the emerging global cryptocurrency market," Papers 2010.15403, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2021.
    11. Kantar, Ersin & Aslan, Alper & Deviren, Bayram & Keskin, Mustafa, 2016. "Hierarchical structure of the countries based on electricity consumption and economic growth," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 454(C), pages 1-10.
    12. Wang, Gang-Jin & Xie, Chi & Han, Feng & Sun, Bo, 2012. "Similarity measure and topology evolution of foreign exchange markets using dynamic time warping method: Evidence from minimal spanning tree," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(16), pages 4136-4146.
    13. Sandoval, Leonidas, 2012. "Pruning a minimum spanning tree," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(8), pages 2678-2711.
    14. Kristoufek, Ladislav & Janda, Karel & Zilberman, David, 2012. "Correlations between biofuels and related commodities before and during the food crisis: A taxonomy perspective," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 1380-1391.
    15. Paulus, Michal & Kristoufek, Ladislav, 2015. "Worldwide clustering of the corruption perception," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 428(C), pages 351-358.
    16. Sandoval, Leonidas, 2014. "To lag or not to lag? How to compare indices of stock markets that operate on different times," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 403(C), pages 227-243.
    17. Cheong, Siew Ann & Fornia, Robert Paulo & Lee, Gladys Hui Ting & Kok, Jun Liang & Yim, Woei Shyr & Xu, Danny Yuan & Zhang, Yiting, 2011. "The Japanese economy in crises: A time series segmentation study," Economics Discussion Papers 2011-24, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    18. Kristoufek, Ladislav & Janda, Karel & Zilberman, David, 2012. "Relationship Between Prices of Food, Fuel and Biofuel," 131st Seminar, September 18-19, 2012, Prague, Czech Republic 135793, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    19. Samitas, Aristeidis & Kampouris, Elias & Polyzos, Stathis, 2022. "Covid-19 pandemic and spillover effects in stock markets: A financial network approach," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    20. Buscema, Massimo & Sacco, Pier Luigi, 2016. "MST Fitness Index and implicit data narratives: A comparative test on alternative unsupervised algorithms," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 461(C), pages 726-746.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:451:y:2016:i:c:p:429-439. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/physica-a-statistical-mechpplications/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.