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Margin requirements and systemic liquidity risk

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  • Bakoush, Mohamed
  • Gerding, Enrico H.
  • Wolfe, Simon

Abstract

We develop a model in which margin procyclicality and the propensity for liquidity hoarding interact to generate a systemic liquidity crisis. In this model, banks lend and borrow in the interbank market to mitigate liquidity risk and trade derivatives contracts in the OTC derivatives market to mitigate market risk. The daily mark-to-market of derivatives contracts results in daily margin calls that banks cover using high quality liquid assets. We find that distress due to margin procyclicality in the derivatives market can spillover to the interbank market leading to systemic liquidity risk. Interconnectedness further amplifies the effects of systemic risk within the interbank market. The model shows that central clearing might increase the possibility of systemic liquidity risk due to tight margin requirements and the timing of cash flows required from banks. We also find that haircut levels affect the possibility of systemic liquidity risk, and highlight the potential role of a market maker of last resort in limiting this possibility.

Suggested Citation

  • Bakoush, Mohamed & Gerding, Enrico H. & Wolfe, Simon, 2019. "Margin requirements and systemic liquidity risk," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 78-95.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:intfin:v:58:y:2019:i:c:p:78-95
    DOI: 10.1016/j.intfin.2018.09.007
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    3. Raisul Islam & Vladimir Volkov, 2022. "Contagion or interdependence? Comparing spillover indices," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 63(3), pages 1403-1455, September.
    4. Lannoo, Karel & Thomadakis, Apostolos, 2020. "Derivatives in Sustainable Finance," ECMI Papers 29791, Centre for European Policy Studies.
    5. Cristina Zeldea, 2020. "Modeling the Connection between Bank Systemic Risk and Balance-Sheet Liquidity Proxies through Random Forest Regressions," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-14, August.
    6. Zhi, Bangdong & Wang, Xiaojun & Xu, Fangming, 2022. "Managing inventory financing in a volatile market: A novel data-driven copula model," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    7. Wang, Hu & Li, Shouwei, 2020. "Risk contagion in multilayer network of financial markets," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 541(C).
    8. Islam, Raisul & Volkov, Vladimir, 2020. "Contagion or interdependence? Comparing signed and unsigned spillovers," Working Papers 2020-05, University of Tasmania, Tasmanian School of Business and Economics.
    9. Zhi, Bangdong & Wang, Xiaojun & Xu, Fangming, 2020. "Impawn rate optimisation in inventory financing: A canonical vine copula-based approach," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    10. Murphy, David & Vause, Nicholas, 2021. "A CBA of APC: analysing approaches to procyclicality reduction in CCP initial margin models," Bank of England working papers 950, Bank of England.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Margin procyclicality; Funding liquidity risk; Systemic risk; Contagion; Networks; Agent-based modelling;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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