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The factor analytical approach in near unit root interactive effects panels

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  • Norkutė, Milda
  • Westerlund, Joakim

Abstract

In a recent study, Bai (2013) proposes a new factor analytical (FA) method for estimation of stationary dynamic panel data models with fixed effects. Our interest in this method originates with the fact it does not require explicit demeaning of the data, a practice that is known to cause problems of bias and low power in near unit root panels. The purpose is to study the properties of FA when applied to such panels when the common component admits to a interactive effects representation, which is more general than fixed effects. It is shown that the estimator of the autoregressive parameter is consistent with a well centered asymptotic normal distribution, leading to unit root tests with maximal achievable power. In fact, FA is consistent and asymptotically normal regardless of whether the data are near unit root non-stationary or stationary. It is therefore very general and hence widely applicable.

Suggested Citation

  • Norkutė, Milda & Westerlund, Joakim, 2021. "The factor analytical approach in near unit root interactive effects panels," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 221(2), pages 569-590.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:econom:v:221:y:2021:i:2:p:569-590
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jeconom.2020.03.017
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Factor analytical method; Interactive effects; Common factors; Local-to-unity asymptotics; Bias; Panel unit root test;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C12 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Hypothesis Testing: General
    • C13 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Estimation: General
    • C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • C36 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Instrumental Variables (IV) Estimation

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