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Performance and fuel conversion efficiency of a spark ignition engine fueled with iso-butanol

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  • Irimescu, Adrian

Abstract

Alcohols are increasingly used as fuels for spark ignition engines. While ethanol is most commonly used, long chain alcohols such as butanol feature several advantages like increased heating value and reduced corrosive action. This study investigated the effect of fueling a port injection engine with iso-butanol, as compared to gasoline operation. Performance levels were maintained within the same limits as with the fossil fuel without modifications to any engine component. An additional electronic module was used for increasing fuel flow by extending the injection time. Fuel conversion efficiency decreased when the engine was fueled with iso-butanol by up to 9% at full load and by up to 11% at part load, calculated as relative values. Incomplete fuel evaporation was identified as the factor most likely to cause the drop in engine efficiency.

Suggested Citation

  • Irimescu, Adrian, 2012. "Performance and fuel conversion efficiency of a spark ignition engine fueled with iso-butanol," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 477-483.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:96:y:2012:i:c:p:477-483
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.03.012
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    2. Yusri, I.M. & Mamat, R. & Najafi, G. & Razman, A. & Awad, Omar I. & Azmi, W.H. & Ishak, W.F.W. & Shaiful, A.I.M., 2017. "Alcohol based automotive fuels from first four alcohol family in compression and spark ignition engine: A review on engine performance and exhaust emissions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 169-181.
    3. Irimescu, Adrian & Vasiu, Gabriel & Tordai, Gavrilă Trif, 2014. "Performance and emissions of a small scale generator powered by a spark ignition engine with adaptive fuel injection control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 196-206.
    4. Costagliola, M.A. & De Simio, L. & Iannaccone, S. & Prati, M.V., 2013. "Combustion efficiency and engine out emissions of a S.I. engine fueled with alcohol/gasoline blends," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 1162-1171.
    5. Bauer, Fredric & Hulteberg, Christian, 2014. "Isobutanol from glycerine – A techno-economic evaluation of a new biofuel production process," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 261-268.
    6. Elfasakhany, Ashraf, 2018. "Exhaust emissions and performance of ternary iso-butanol–bio-methanol–gasoline and n-butanol–bio-ethanol–gasoline fuel blends in spark-ignition engines: Assessment and comparison," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 830-844.
    7. Saeid Aghahossein Shirazi & Thomas D. Foust & Kenneth F. Reardon, 2020. "Identification of Promising Alternative Mono-Alcohol Fuel Blend Components for Spark Ignition Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-16, April.
    8. Liu, Kaimin & Li, Yangtao & Yang, Jing & Deng, Banglin & Feng, Renhua & Huang, Yanjun, 2018. "Comprehensive study of key operating parameters on combustion characteristics of butanol-gasoline blends in a high speed SI engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 13-32.
    9. Zhang, Bo & Sarathy, S. Mani, 2016. "Lifecycle optimized ethanol-gasoline blends for turbocharged engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 38-53.
    10. Merola, Simona Silvia & Valentino, Gerardo & Tornatore, Cinzia & Marchitto, Luca, 2013. "In-cylinder spectroscopic measurements of knocking combustion in a SI engine fuelled with butanol–gasoline blend," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 150-161.
    11. André L. Olson & Martin Tunér & Sebastian Verhelst, 2023. "A Review of Isobutanol as a Fuel for Internal Combustion Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-28, November.
    12. Dhamodaran, Gopinath & Esakkimuthu, Ganapathy Sundaram & Pochareddy, Yashwanth Kutti & Sivasubramanian, Harish, 2017. "Investigation of n-butanol as fuel in a four-cylinder MPFI SI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 726-735.
    13. Feng, Renhua & Fu, Jianqin & Yang, Jing & Wang, Yi & Li, Yangtao & Deng, Banglin & Liu, Jingping & Zhang, Daming, 2015. "Combustion and emissions study on motorcycle engine fueled with butanol-gasoline blend," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 113-122.
    14. Karavalakis, Georgios & Short, Daniel & Vu, Diep & Russell, Robert L. & Asa-Awuku, Akua & Jung, Heejung & Johnson, Kent C. & Durbin, Thomas D., 2015. "The impact of ethanol and iso-butanol blends on gaseous and particulate emissions from two passenger cars equipped with spray-guided and wall-guided direct injection SI (spark ignition) engines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 168-179.
    15. Rezaei, Javad & Shahbakhti, Mahdi & Bahri, Bahram & Aziz, Azhar Abdul, 2015. "Performance prediction of HCCI engines with oxygenated fuels using artificial neural networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 460-473.
    16. Liu, Kaimin & Fu, Jianqin & Deng, Banglin & Yang, Jing & Tang, Qijun & Liu, Jingping, 2014. "The influences of pressure and temperature on laminar flame propagations of n-butanol, iso-octane and their blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 703-715.
    17. Akhlaghi, Shahin & Gedde, Ulf W. & Hedenqvist, Mikael S. & Braña, Maria T. Conde & Bellander, Martin, 2015. "Deterioration of automotive rubbers in liquid biofuels: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 1238-1248.
    18. Wang, Tiejun & Qiu, Songbai & Weng, Yujing & Chen, Lungang & Liu, Qiying & Long, Jinxing & Tan, Jin & Zhang, Qing & Zhang, Qi & Ma, Longlong, 2015. "Liquid fuel production by aqueous phase catalytic transformation of biomass for aviation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 329-335.
    19. Thangavel, Venugopal & Momula, Sai Yashwanth & Gosala, Dheeraj Bharadwaj & Asvathanarayanan, Ramesh, 2016. "Experimental studies on simultaneous injection of ethanol–gasoline and n-butanol–gasoline in the intake port of a four stroke SI engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 347-360.
    20. Deng, Banglin & Yang, Jing & Zhang, Daming & Feng, Renhua & Fu, Jianqin & Liu, Jingping & Li, Ke & Liu, Xiaoqiang, 2013. "The challenges and strategies of butanol application in conventional engines: The sensitivity study of ignition and valve timing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 248-260.
    21. Elfasakhany, Ashraf, 2017. "Investigations on performance and pollutant emissions of spark-ignition engines fueled with n-butanol–, isobutanol–, ethanol–, methanol–, and acetone–gasoline blends: A comparative study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 404-413.
    22. Sayin, Cenk & Balki, Mustafa Kemal, 2015. "Effect of compression ratio on the emission, performance and combustion characteristics of a gasoline engine fueled with iso-butanol/gasoline blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 550-555.
    23. Song, Jingeun & Lee, Ziyoung & Song, Jaecheon & Park, Sungwook, 2018. "Effects of injection strategy and coolant temperature on hydrocarbon and particulate emissions from a gasoline direct injection engine with high pressure injection up to 50 MPa," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 512-522.
    24. Han, Xiaoye & Yang, Zhenyi & Wang, Meiping & Tjong, Jimi & Zheng, Ming, 2017. "Clean combustion of n-butanol as a next generation biofuel for diesel engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 347-359.
    25. Ashraf Elfasakhany, 2021. "State of Art of Using Biofuels in Spark Ignition Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-26, February.

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