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Deterioration of automotive rubbers in liquid biofuels: A review

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  • Akhlaghi, Shahin
  • Gedde, Ulf W.
  • Hedenqvist, Mikael S.
  • Braña, Maria T. Conde
  • Bellander, Martin

Abstract

Concerns over the fast depletion of fossil fuels, environmental issues and stringent legislation associated with petroleum-based fuels have triggered a shift to bio-based fuels, as an alternative to meet the growing energy demand in the transportation sector. However, since conventional automobile fuel systems are adapted to petroleum-based fuels, switching to biofuels causes a severe deterioration in the performance of currently used rubber components. The degradation of the rubber materials in biofuels is complicated by the presence of different additives in biofuels and rubber compounds, by oxidation of biofuels and by the effects of thermomechanical loadings in the engine. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the effects of different types of biofuels, particularly biodiesel and bioethanol, on the physical, mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of elastomers under different exposure conditions. In addition, the literature data available on the variation of rubbers’ resistance to biofuels with the changes in their monomer type and composition, cure system and additives content was also studied. The review essentially focuses on the compatibility of biofuels with acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, fluoroelastomers, polychloroprene rubber and silicon rubber, as the most commonly used automotive rubbers coming into contact with fuels during their service. The knowledge summarized in this study can help to develop a guideline on the selection of rubber for automotive parts designed to withstand biofuels.

Suggested Citation

  • Akhlaghi, Shahin & Gedde, Ulf W. & Hedenqvist, Mikael S. & Braña, Maria T. Conde & Bellander, Martin, 2015. "Deterioration of automotive rubbers in liquid biofuels: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 1238-1248.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:43:y:2015:i:c:p:1238-1248
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2014.11.096
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    Cited by:

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    3. Merola, Simona Silvia & Tornatore, Cinzia & Irimescu, Adrian & Marchitto, Luca & Valentino, Gerardo, 2016. "Optical diagnostics of early flame development in a DISI (direct injection spark ignition) engine fueled with n-butanol and gasoline," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 50-62.
    4. Oumer, A.N. & Hasan, M.M. & Baheta, Aklilu Tesfamichael & Mamat, Rizalman & Abdullah, A.A., 2018. "Bio-based liquid fuels as a source of renewable energy: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 82-98.
    5. Dimitrios N. Tziourtzioumis & Anastassios M. Stamatelos, 2019. "Diesel-Injection Equipment Parts Deterioration after Prolonged Use of Biodiesel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-21, May.
    6. Farfan-Cabrera, Leonardo Israel & Pérez-González, José & Gallardo-Hernández, Ezequiel Alberto, 2018. "Deterioration of seals of automotive fuel systems upon exposure to straight Jatropha oil and diesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 125-133.

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