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Terrorism and International Tourism Nexus: Evidence from Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Abdur Rauf

    (Department of Economics, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Pakistan,)

  • Hafiz Muhammad Abubakar Siddique

    (Department of Business and Commerce, GIFT University Gujranwala, Pakistan)

  • Qasim Saleem

    (GIFT Business School, GIFT University Gujranwala, Pakistan,)

  • Sidra

    (Schools Education Department, Government of Punjab, Pakistan)

Abstract

The association among terrorism and tourism is crucial from the macroeconomic perspective as tourism is considered as a vital sector regarding developmental impacts. This analysis conducted to extract the influence of terrorism on tourism in Pakistan, expending the latest dataset and incorporating some additional factors like FDI, human capital, and economic growth for 1980-2016, using ARDL bounds test. The evidence shows that terrorism has an inverse relationship with tourism in the long run that is statistically significant. Economic growth, FDI, and human capital are the increasing factors of tourism. Terrorism may cause to create insecurity and devastating recreational places. There is a need to resolve the issue of terrorism to enhance tourism in Pakistan. It may help tourist authorities to understand the nature of the impact of terrorism on the tourism industry in Pakistan.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdur Rauf & Hafiz Muhammad Abubakar Siddique & Qasim Saleem & Sidra, 2020. "Terrorism and International Tourism Nexus: Evidence from Pakistan," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 10(5), pages 387-393.
    • Handle: RePEc:eco:journ1:2020-05-44
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Zia Ullah & Rana Tahir Naveed & Atta Ur Rehman & Naveed Ahmad & Miklas Scholz & Mohammad Adnan & Heesup Han, 2021. "Towards the Development of Sustainable Tourism in Pakistan: A Study of the Role of Tour Operators," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-17, April.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Terrorism; Tourism; ARDL; Human Capital; Economic Growth;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L83 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Sports; Gambling; Restaurants; Recreation; Tourism
    • Z32 - Other Special Topics - - Tourism Economics - - - Tourism and Development
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • F43 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Economic Growth of Open Economies

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